Browsing by Subject "Orchidectomy"

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    Effects of Orchidectomy in Selective Biochemical Analytes in Beagle Dogs
    (Blackwell Verlag GmbH, 2011-03-01) Tvarijonaviciute, Asta; Martínez Subiela, Silvia; Carrillo Sánchez, J. D.; Tecles Vicente, Fernando; Cerón Madrigal, José Joaquín; Medicina y Cirugía Animal; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Veterinaria
    El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los posibles efectos de la orquiectomía y los cambios hormonales asociados sobre las concentraciones circulantes de proteínas de fase aguda (APPs) (CRP – proteína C reactiva; Hp – haptoglobina; Cp – ceruloplasmina), adiponectina e IGF-1 en perros. Para ello, un total de cinco perros adultos de raza Beagle fueron sometidos a orquiectomía. Se tomaron muestras de sangre antes de la castración, durante seis días consecutivos y en las semanas 2, 4, 8 y 12 tras la cirugía. Se mantuvo un régimen dietético adecuado para conservar estable el peso corporal de los perros. Las concentraciones de APPs aumentaron significativamente en los días 2–3 para la CRP y en los días 2–7 para la Hp y la Cp. En los días 3–4 tras la castración, los niveles de adiponectina fueron significativamente inferiores a los previos a la cirugía (p < 0,05 y < 0,01, respectivamente). Tras este cambio inicial, la adiponectina no mostró alteraciones significativas durante los 3 meses posteriores. Las concentraciones séricas de IGF-1 disminuyeron significativamente en los días 2–5 después de la castración. Además, en las semanas 8 y 12 los niveles séricos de IGF-1 fueron significativamente menores (p < 0,001 y < 0,01 respectivamente) en comparación con los valores previos a la cirugía. En conclusión, la orquiectomía indujo un proceso inflamatorio a corto plazo que se asoció con un aumento de los niveles séricos de APPs y una disminución de los niveles de IGF-1 y adiponectina. Sin embargo, la orquiectomía no produjo cambios a largo plazo en las concentraciones circulantes de APPs ni de adiponectina. Aunque se registró una disminución de los niveles de IGF-1 dos meses después de la cirugía, posiblemente como consecuencia de la reducción asociada de los niveles de andrógenos o de la restricción alimentaria.
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    Soy isoflavone effects on the adrenal glands of orchidectomized adult male rats: a comprehensive histological and hormonal study
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2018) Milošević, Verica Lj.; Severs, Walter B.; Ristić, Nataša M.; Manojlović Stojanoski, Milica N.; Popovska Perčinić, Florina V.; Šošić Jurjević, Branka T.; Pendovski, Lazo B.; Trifunović, Svetlana L.; Miler, Marko Š.; Ajdžanović, Vladimir Z.
    Genistein (G) and related soy phytoestrogens have been studied for potential usefulness in different chronic diseases, and may ameliorate signs of aging. They have a profound influence on the hypothalamopituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The present study utilized the rat model of mild andropause to thoroughly evaluate the effects of G and soy extract on the adrenal gland and related blood hormones. Adult male rats were orchidectomized (Orx) or sham operated (SO). Orx rats received daily subcutaneous injections for 3 weeks of solvent, or G (Orx+G, 30 mg/kg), or commercial soy extract (Orx+Soy, 30 mg/kg). Adrenal glands and blood were harvested at the end of the treatment for hormone analyses, histology and design-based stereology. Compared to SO rats Orx evoked significant (P<0.05) changes including: the replicating cell number in the 3 adrenocortical zones; vascularity and cortical volume and blood levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), aldosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). When comparing Orx vs. Orx+G groups the following significant (P<0.05) changes were observed: a further increase in number of replicating cells in zonas glomerulosa and reticularis, vasculature network presence, cortical and zona reticularis volumes, ACTH and corticosterone concentrations, and lower DHEA levels. Comparing Orx vs. Orx+Soy resulted in elevated (P<0.05) ACTH and corticosterone levels. Structural integrity of the adrenal gland was unchanged vs. SO rats. Overall, G and soy extract treatments resulted in proliferative activity and/or vasculature support in the adrenal cortex. The data and current literature support the impression of a beneficial effect of soy components on the homeostatic response to stress.
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    Structure and hormonal output of the adrenal gland after experimental estrogenization of male rats
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento Histología e Histopatología, 2025) Pavle Ćosić; Svetlana Trifunović; Branka Šošić-Jurjević; Marko Miler; Branko Filipović; Milica Manojlović-Stojanoski; Vladimir Ajdžanović; Histología e Histopatología
    Orchidectomy and estrogenization of the male represent a procedure that is applicable in sex reassignment or in prostate cancer therapy. This approach has an influence on the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis and thus affects cardiovascular function and metabolism. We utilized orchidectomized rats to evaluate the effects of estradiol on the structure and hormonal output of the adrenal gland. Adult Wistar rats were divided into sham-operated (SO; n=7), orchidectomized (Orx; n=7), and estradiol-treated orchidectomized (Orx+E; n=7) groups. Estradiol-dipropionate (0.625 mg/kg b.m.) was administered subcutaneously for three weeks, while the SO and Orx groups received vehicle alone. Set objectives were achieved using histochemistry/immunohistochemistry, stereology, and immunoassays. In Orx+E rats, the hormonal milieu was characterized by decreased testosterone and increased ACTH, compared with the Orx group. Also, orchidectomy and estradiol treatment provoked a significant increase in adrenal cortex volume and volume of ZF per se, with increased cell and nuclei volumes in all three adrenocortical zones (ZG, ZF, and ZR), in comparison with Orx rats. Concentrations of aldosterone in blood, as well as corticosterone in blood and adrenal tissue were increased, while circulating DHEA was decreased (with increased immuno-expression of adrenocortical CYP 17 enzyme), all in Orx+E compared with Orx animals. The wide zonal distribution of VEGF and the pronounced blood supply within the ZF of Orx+E animals acted to support the synthesis and secretion of corticosteroids. These results seem cautionary in the context of young male estrogenization, given the negative impact of high mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids on cardiovascular function and metabolism.