Browsing by Subject "Men"
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- PublicationOpen AccessCuando los hijos viven con el padre… Estudio sociológico sobre las familias de padres custodios(2014) Avilés Hernández, Manuela; Pérez Pérez, CarminaEl estudio que aquí se presenta, de carácter marcadamente sociológico, identifica y analiza en profundidad los cambios que las familias a cargo del padre, conocidas en la literatura especializada como familias monoparentales masculinas, experimentaron a finales del siglo XX en diversos países occidentales como Estados Unidos, Inglaterra, Australia o Canadá. El objetivo fundamental del estudio es precisar hasta qué punto, nuestra realidad social y familiar se encuentra tras los pasos de dichos cambios. Igualmente, se identifican las características que presentan en la actualidad las estructuras monoparentales masculinas de España, a fin de señalar, posteriormente, cuáles son las similitudes y diferencias que presentan con respecto a las existentes en otros países
- PublicationOpen AccessEstudio de las identidades masculinas. Cómo se aprende a ser hombres en la Ciudad de México(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Hernández Ramírez, Claudia Ivonne; Lozano Verduzco, IgnacioEl objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar las normas de género de la masculinidad hegemónica que contribuyen a la construcción de las identidades de cinco hombres que laboran en distintas dependencias gubernamentales y privadas (ámbitos educativo y administrativo), con edades entre los 30 y 40 años. La perspectiva de estudio es socioeducativa porque se hace énfasis en la forma en que se aprende a ser hombre y sobre lo masculino. El tipo de investigación es interpretativa y la metodología es cualitativa. El instrumento es una guía de entrevista la cual estuvo constituida por las categorías de análisis: significados del ser hombre, grupos de socialización, similitudes y diferencias intra y entre géneros; la técnica es una entrevista semiestructurada. En los hallazgos se encontró que las instancias socializadoras como la familia y la escuela, principalmente, detentan una carga ideológica que determina cómo se perciben las personas, la enseñanza diferenciada marca y define las relaciones de género, contribuye a la interiorización de comportamientos y la conformación de identidades que fortalecen y preservan el sistema patriarcal. Por tal razón, es fundamental que se incentive en las nuevas generaciones relaciones de género más equitativas y se eduque de forma distinta para eliminar los modelos de masculinidad hegemónica y así contribuir a que los hombres dejen de ser violentos con las mujeres y con otros varones y transformar el canon de ser hombre que la sociedad ha establecido durante varios siglos.
- PublicationOpen AccessExploring the intersection of hegemonic masculinity, sexuality, and addiction in men: a qualitative study(2024-12-24) Camacho-Ruíz, Julio A.; Gálvez-Sánchez, Carmen M.; Galli, Federica; Limiñana Gras, Rosa María; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento PsicológicosBackground/Objectives: In our society, as well as in many other parts of the world, sexuality is shaped through gender-differentiated socialization. This process compels individuals to align their desires, behaviors, emotions, and thoughts with the expectations of normative sexuality, especially hegemonic heterosexuality. The primary objective of this current research was to examine the influence of hegemonic masculinity on the sexuality of men struggling with addiction. Method: This study employed a qualitative approach, specifically using conventional content analysis. To ensure research quality and transparency, the study adhered to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) and the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ). Fourteen participants from a therapeutic community for addiction treatment in Spain were selected through purposive sampling. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews, supplemented by participant observation. The sample size was determined based on the principle of data saturation. Results: The findings reveal that factors such as gender-differentiated socialization, particularly the values associated with hegemonic masculinity (e.g., the pressure to maintain constant sexual availability and sexual initiative), alongside excessive engagement with prostitution and pornography, are closely linked to substance abuse, the development of addictions, and the emergence of sexual dysfunctions in men. The study also highlights the role of challenges related to oppression rooted in heteronormativity—understood as the imposition of rigid norms governing sexual orientation and behavior—in shaping sexual problems and in the origin and maintenance of addictions in men. Conclusions: It is essential to implement an intervention strategy that promotes egalitarian masculinities within the treatment of men with addiction issues, emphasizing a biopsychosocial approach to sexuality that integrates a gender perspective. Additionally, it is crucial to incorporate gender-sensitive interventions into rehabilitation programs for both men and women, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of each group’s specific needs and fostering the development of healthy, equitable relationships in the context of addiction treatment.
- PublicationOpen AccessExploring the role of masculinity in male suicide: a systematic review.(MDPI, 2024-12-27) Gálvez-Sánchez, Carmen M.; Camacho-Ruíz, Julio A.; Castelli, Lorys; Limiñana Gras, Rosa María; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos(1) Background: Suicide represents a critical global public health concern. In the majority of countries, men have higher rates of suicide completion, while women show higher rates of suicide attempts. Masculinity is a complex construct shaped by socialization processes that begin early in life. The aim of this study is to explore the influence of masculinity on suicidal behaviors among men. (2) Methods: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Cochrane and PRISMA guidelines. The review protocol was pre-registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). (3) Results: This systematic review—which includes 18 studies—highlights the detrimental influence of hegemonic masculinity on both the occurrence and frequency of suicide among men, with a particularly significant negative impact on vulnerable men (e.g., homeless men; adolescents and young men; and men with addiction, depression, and/or other mental health issues), where the consideration of intersectionality is essential.(4) Conclusions: Men who strongly conformed to the norms and values linked to traditional masculinity were more prone to die by suicide and to report experiencing suicidal thoughts and attempts. Analyzing suicidal behavior from a gender perspective is critical for effective prevention and treatment, as gender disparities are clearly observed in both suicide fatalities and nonfatal attempts.
- PublicationOpen AccessFactores asociados al aumento de infecciones de transmisión sexual en hombres: una revisión integradora(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2024) Lao López, Cristina; Garriga Comas, Neus; Goberna Tricas, JosefinaObjetivo: Analizar la evidencia científica existente sobre los factores asociados a un comportamiento de riesgo en hombres en relación al aumento de infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS).Método: Revisión integradora mediante búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos PubMed, WoS, CINHAL, Cochrane.Resultados/Discusión: Se identificaron 151 artículos aplicando los criterios de selección: artículos en inglés y español del 2015 al 2021. Tras lectura de título y resumen, se descartaron 128 artículos siendo 23 artículos los finales. Los Factores asociados clasificados según categorías guiadas por la adaptación del Modelo Precede-Proceed son: Factores predisponentes: uso de drogas, alcohol, múltiples parejas, diagnóstico de ITS, administración de la profilaxis post-exposición (PPE) y orientación sexual. Factores facilitadores del comportamiento de riesgo: relaciones sexuales sin protección, intercambio de jeringuillas. Factores reforzadores/ previsores de un cambio de conducta: diagnóstico precoz, utilización de la profilaxis preexposición (PrEP) e intervenciones educativas y programas de salud. Todos estos factores se tienen que considerar en un contexto sociodemográfico y cultural relacionándolos con la edad, país de origen, migración, trabajo o nivel de ingresos y nivel de estudios.Conclusión: La disminución de la prevalencia de las ITS se puede mejorar conociendo todos los factores asociados a un comportamiento de riesgo y incidir en ellos según la adaptación al método Precede-Proceed. Esto contribuye a la mejora de intervenciones educativas de los profesionales sanitarios en la incidencia y cambio del comportamiento sexual.
- PublicationOpen AccessPain and glory: narrative (De)constructions of older gay men in contemporary Spanish culture and cinema(Elsevier, 2022-05-23) Armengol, Josep M.; Varela-Manograsso, Agustina; FilosofíaIf (older) gay men have recurrently been stereotyped as hypersexual and as sexually voracious, they have also been represented as weak and effeminate, miserable and lonely, and as less manly than their heterosexual counterparts (Goltz, 2014; Freeman, 2010). Quite often, as Goltz reminds us, the two stereotypes intersect, as in classic films such as Death in Venice, Gods and Monsters, or Love and Death on Long Island, to name but a few, where ageism and homophobia combine to judge intergenerational relations as inappropriate and gay characters as “dirty old men” eager to recover their lost youth. Given these negative images, it is no wonder, then, that both youthism and ableism have become part and parcel of contemporary gay culture, which may also be linked to the few positive cultural images available of aging or disabled gay male bodies (Goltz, 2014). Starting off from the assumption that bodies are shaped and reshaped in complex interactions between physical and symbolic dimensions, the paper will demonstrate, however, how (auto)biographical narratives of older gay men, what we call “egodocuments,” may be useful to rethink such traditional (mis)conceptions. Crossing the traditional divide between the Social Sciences and the Humanities, the study will draw on both life stories and film representations of older gay men in Spain, focusing on Spanish director Pedro Almod´ ovar’s (2019) latest film, Pain and Glory, as a (semi-)autobiographical re-vision of traditional representations of gay men’s aging. While Almodovar’s protagonist and alter-ego, Salvador Mallo, appears as “prematurely aged” (Curtis and Thompson, 2015) due to bodily pain and disability, the film also travels back and forth from Mallos’s childhood and youth to his maturity. This shows aging not only as a life-course experience, but also helps redefine it as a “queer” rather than linear or “straight” experience (Halberstam), allowing for both “pain and glory” to coexist in old age. Almod´ ovar’s portraiture of gay aging will be compared to the life stories collected in a number of focus groups with Spanish older gay men, which will provide equally complex, varied, and often contradictory narratives.
- PublicationOpen AccessPatterns and challenges in help-seeking for addiction among men: a systematic review(MDPI, 2024-10-12) Camacho-Ruíz, Julio A.; Galvez Sánchez, Carmen M.; Limiñana Gras, Rosa María; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento PsicológicosAddictive and substance-related disorders represent a substantial public health challenge, marked by rising incidence and prevalence rates. Men and women exhibit different patterns of help-seeking for health and social issues including addictions. This research aimed to analyze the help-seeking process among men with addiction to improve understanding and develop more effective, person-centered treatments. Methods: This systematic review was performed based on the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The protocol of the revision was registered in advance in PROSPERO. Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (WOS) databases. Results: Based on the literature search, 16 studies were included in the current systematic review. The analyzed studies included seven on substance-use disorders, three on gambling disorder, two on tobacco-use disorder, two addressing substance-related disorders in general, one on opioid-use disorder, and one focused on marijuana use. Gender differences influenced help-seeking behavior, with women generally exhibiting a higher propensity to seek assistance for addiction-related issues than men. Seeking help for addiction—whether substance use or gambling—can be hindered by several barriers, particularly public stigma and discrimination, which tend to be more pronounced for alcohol and gambling compared to tobacco. Additional barriers in the help-seeking process include negative beliefs and attitudes toward seeking help, often associated with traditional male gender roles. Each substance-use disorder was analyzed in depth to gain a better understanding of the barriers faced by this population. Conclusions: Integrating a gender perspective into the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of addiction is essential. As addiction patterns vary between men and women, approaches must be tailored accordingly. Recognizing men as a distinct group in research and clinical practice is also crucial for developing more effective and personalized treatments.
- PublicationOpen AccessPolíticas de igualdad entre mujeres y hombres. un análisis multinivel(Magistra Vitae. Centro de estudios sobre la historia de las ideas políticas y sociales, 2025) Sánchez Ruiz, Inmaculada Concepción; Avilés Hernández, Manuela; García Escribano, Juan José; Sociología; Facultad de Trabajo SocialTo eliminate the discrimination that women still experience in many areas of public and private life, and promote equal opportunities between the sexes, it is necessary to implement macrosocial measures aimed at generating structural change in the foundations underpinning a country’s social and cultural life. This requires the implementation of comprehensive public policies that extend beyond the mere pursuit of legal equality between the sexes. This paper, primarily based on a bibliographic review, examines the various policies that have been promoted since the end of the 20th century to promote equal between women and men. The analysis adopts a multilevel approach, focusing on the different levels that comprise political and social action, —international, European, national and regional— with the aim of offering a comprehensive overview of the process of institutionalizing gender equality.