Browsing by Subject "Larynx"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Changes in the distribution of the substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactive nerve fibers in the laryngeal mucosa of chronically hypoxic rats
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 1999) Yoshida, T.; Matsuda, H.; Hayashida, Y.; Gono, Y.; Nagahara, T.; Kawakami, T.; Takenaka, T.; Tsukuda, M.; Kusakabe, T.
    The distribution and abundance of substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) immunoreactive nerve fibers in four different regions of the laryngeal mucosa were compared between normoxic and chronically hypoxic rats (10% O2 and 3.0-4.0% CO, for 3 months). In the chronically hypoxic laryngeal mucosa, the number of SP and CGRP fibers within and just beneath the epithelium, and around the laryngeal gland was increased in comparison with those in the normoxic controls. Especially in the epiglottic and arytenoid regions, the number of intraepithelial SP fibers was increased remarkably. Most intraepithelial SP and CGRP fibers penetrated into the epithelium to extend to the lumina1 surface. There was no distinct difference in the distribution and abundance of these peptidergic fibers in the mucosa of the normoxic and chronically hypoxic vocal cord regions. These results suggest that the increased density of SP and CGRP fibers within the epithelium of the upper laryngeal mucosa is a predominant feature of hypoxic adaptation, and this may be involved in airway protection, swallowing, and other functions in the chronically hypoxic environment. In addition, the increased SP and CGRP fibers around the laryngeal gland suggest an enhanced mucous secretion, and this may participate in the airway defense mechanism in low O2 conditions.
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    Chronic hypoxia alters calbindin D-28k immunoreactivity in lingual and laryngeal taste buds in the rat
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2006) Yoshida, T.; Matsuda, H.; Yamamoto, Y.; Hayashida, Y.; Tsukuda, M.; Kusakabe, T.
    The distribution and abundance of the calcium binding protein, calbindin D-28k (CB) immunoreactivity in the taste buds of the circumvallate papillae and larynx were compared between normoxic and chronically hypoxic rats (10% O2 for 8 weeks). In the normoxic rats, CB immunoreactivity was observed in some cells and fibers of the intragemmal region of the taste buds in the circumvallate papillae. In contrast, in the subgemmal region of the laryngeal taste buds, fibers but not cells were immunoreactive for CB. In chronically hypoxic rats, CB immunoreactive cells and fibers in the taste buds were decreased in the circumvallate papillae. In the laryngeal taste buds, the density of the subgemmal CB immunoreactive fibers in chronically hypoxic rats was greater than in normoxic rats. It is considered that function of the laryngeal taste buds is different from that of the lingual taste buds, so that laryngeal taste buds may be involved in chemosensation other than taste. The altered density of CB immunoreactive cells and fibers in the lingual and laryngeal taste buds is a predominant feature of hypoxic adaptation, and chronic hypoxic exposure might change the chemical sensitivity of the circumvallate papillae and larynx through the regulation of intracellular Ca2+
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    Comparación de la utilidad de técnicas radiográficas, endoscópicas y fluoroscópicas para el diagnóstico de colapso de las vías aéreas en perros
    (Facultad de Veterinaria y el Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2023) Ortega Inglés, Ana; Talavera López, Jesús
    El colapso se define como el estrechamiento de las vías respiratorias que impide el correcto flujo de aire ha-cia el interior, dificultando la respiración. Pueden verse afectadas varias regiones al mismo tiempo o de manera escalonada ya que presenta una naturaleza dinámica, lo que supone a veces un reto diagnóstico que requiere la combinación de varias técnicas de imagen. El objetivo principal de este estudio era poder comparar la utilidad de las técnicas fluoroscópicas, endoscópicas y radiográficas a la hora de diagnosticar el colapso de las vías respiratorias en un grupo de perros. Para ello, se realizó un estudio en 9 perros cuyo diagnóstico de colapso de las vías respiratorias (faringe, laringe, tráquea cervical/intratorácica y bronquios) se confirmó por vía fluoroscópica, y para los que además se disponía de radiografías de tórax y endoscopia de las vías aéreas.Los resultados del estudio indicaron que la endoscopia es la técnica más sensible en la valoración del co-lapso laríngeo y bronquial, ya que detectó colapso laríngeo en el 57,14% de los casos y colapso bronquial en el 77,7%. Sin embargo, al requerir anestesia puede llegar a sobrestimar el grado de colapso traqueal. Además, mostró que la radiografía puede sobrediagnosticar el colapso traqueal cervical, ocasionando alto porcentaje de falsos positivos (67%). Por su parte, la fluoroscopia resultó ser superior a la endoscopia en la evaluación diná-mica del colapso traqueal intratorácico, al identificarlo en 3 casos no identificados por la endoscopia.El uso combinado de fluoroscopia y endoscopia incrementan la fiabilidad del diagnóstico de colapso de vías respiratorias. Aun así, la radiografía, la endoscopia y la fluoroscopia deben entenderse como técnicas com-plementarias que colaboran en la detección y evaluación de la gravedad del colapso de vías aéreas en perros.
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    Immunodetection and clinico-pathological correlates of two tumour growth regulators in laryngeal carcinoma
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2002) Lazaris, A. Ch.; Rigopoulou, A.; Tseleni-Balafouta, S.; Kavantzas, N.; Thimara, I.; Zorzos, H.S.; Eutychiadis, C.A.; Petraki, K.; Kandiloros, D.; Davaris, P.
    Activation of telomerase, present in the vast majority of all human cancers, is associated with elongation of chromosomal telomeres and consequent cell immortalization. Telomere length homeostasis is a dynamic process governed by the negative feedback mechanism of the telomeric repeat binding factor 1 (TRF1) which inhibits the action of telomerase in telomerase-positive cells. In an attempt to investigate markers of tumour growth as possible prognostic indicators in laryngeal cancer, we studied the expression of TRF1 and of the proliferation marker Ki67 on 96 invasive squamous carcinomas of the larynx. A standard three step immunoperoxidase staining method was applied on paraffin sections incubated with appropriate polyclonal antibodies. The percentages of Ki67- and TRF1-immunopositive cancerous cells were calculated by image analysis. Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis of the staining results were performed in order to detect any association of the examined immunomarkers with the tumours’ classical clinicopathological variables including nuclear morphometric features as well as with patients’ diseasefree survival. Ki67 immunostaining was positively linked with advanced patients’ age, nodal involvement as well as presence of early recurrence. No relation was found between proliferative fraction and TRF1 immunoexpression. TRF1 was expressed in 55.2% of all cases and was positively linked only to tumour size. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed the presence of lymph nodal metastasis and Ki67 immunopositivity index ³ 20% as significant predictors of relapse. Increased Ki67 immunostaining appears to be a promising marker of tumour aggressiveness in laryngeal c a n c e r. After one point at the tumour’s natural history, the maintenance of tumour growth does not seem to depend on cell proliferation but on TRF1 immunoexpression. Whether the latter can be used for the identification of immortalized cells in every-day practice is worth investigating.