DigitalUM :: Browsing by Subject "Iran"

Browsing by Subject "Iran"

Now showing 1 - 13 of 13

Open Access
Eje temático 2.- Irán: el desafío de las mujeres en el arte
(2020-06-15) Torrent Esclapés, Rosalía; Caballero Guiral, Juncal; Universidad de Murcia
RESUMEN “De un modo u otro, todos los artistas iraníes somos políticos. Tanto si vives dentro como fuera de Irán, el carácter opresivo del gobierno hace imposible ser neutral”. Estas palabras de la artista iraní más internacional, Shirin Neshat, constituyen el punto de partida de nuestra propuesta. Interpretando el feminismo como el movimiento político e ideológico que es, nos centraremos en las mujeres artistas iraníes que, con su praxis, contribuyen cada día a subvertir los principios patriarcales dominantes en su país de origen (aunque también, ciertamente, de los países en los que viven el exilio). Abordaremos por tanto el trabajo de algunas de las artistas que se encuentran en ese exilio (entre ellas la misma Neshat pero también Parastou Forohuar); y el de otras que lo hacen en su propio país (Shirin Fakhin, Shadi Ghadirian, Samira Eskandarfar, Nikoo Tarkami y Homa Arkani). Tendremos en cuenta, también, alguno de los casos en que las artistas viven a caballo entre su pueblo de origen y el de acogida, como es el caso de Ghazel. Las que viven en el exterior (tanto de forma continua como discontinua) despliegan unos argumentos que difícilmente podrían admitirse en el país del que proceden: armas y velos como principio de subversión, pero también caligrafías persas como un recurso expresivo íntimo y revelador. Significativamente, desde el mismo Irán, nos sorprende el trabajo de algunas artistas que realizan unas obras sorprendentemente atrevidas y decididamente políticas, aunque su exhibición sea para ellas un problema y muchas veces tengan que mostrarse parcialmente o en el extranjero. No obstante, si hay algo que separa a unas y a otras artistas en función del lugar en el que viven es el sentimiento de melancolía, lógicamente más presente entre las exiliadas. En cualquier caso, todas estas artistas, las que trabajan desde el propio Irán o las que lo hacen desde fuera de él, plantan cara a un sistema cuyo sistema institucional están (deseamos que estén) contribuyendo a modificar desde el impulso de una parte de la sociedad civil que apoya los derechos de las mujeres.
Open Access
Erosión y desertificación.-Land degradation due to diapirs in Iran, case study: Hableh Rood drainage basin, east of Tehran
Zakikhani, K.; Feiznia, S.; Universidad de Murcia
ABSTRACT Different geological characteristics play role in Land degradation in Iran which are: 1-The abundance of Neogene evaporitic marly formations around and in desertic depression. These units have had important role in the formation of present landforms, are saline, alkaline and erodible and degrade the quality of water resources as diffuse and widespread sources and are endless sources for sand dunes. 2- The presence of numerous diapirs, some of which are salt domes consisting of halite. Due to diapirism, salts are now exposed at the surface of many parts of Iran and cause soil, surface and underground water and vegetation degradation as point sources. The importance of diapirism in geology of Iran has been emphasized previously. This paper intends to investigate the effect of salt domes in land degradation and propose restoration measures. Salt dome or diapire is a dome or anticlinal fold which due to the fact that salt has been intruded, the overlying rocks have been pierced and fractured. The process of movement and reaching of salt to the surface is called diapirism. Salt domes can be classified into active and inactive ones. Active diapirs are the ones which are still incorporating salt into the surrounding environment. They are usually young and play important role in degradation of natural resources. Solution of salt is continued. From the view point of geomorphology, they show irregular topography. One example of this kind of diapire is Kamaraj Salt Dome in Shahpour. Dalaki- Heleh Drainage Basin, Zagros Mountain Ranges, Iran. In this area, surface water resources are in constant contact with the salt. In inactive salt domes, diapirism has been terminated and most of the salt has been dissolved away. These diapirs are usually older in age and do not have important role in degradation of natural resources. In this research, diapirs of north of Great Kavir, in Central Iran Geological Zone, Hableh- Rood Drainage Basin, between Arzagh Bridge and Shahzadeh Hossein, northeast of Garmsar, southeast of Tehran, located in 35,15’ to 35, 25’ north latitude and 52, 20’ to 52, 30’ east longitude were investigated in detail. From the view point of structural geology, the studied area is located between Alborz Zone (soutern part) and and Central Iran Zone(northern part). Hableh Rood originates from mountains of northwest of Firooz-Kuh, drains Firruz-Kuh Plain and then reaches the studied area. Here, it receives Shor-Darreh whose watershed contains many active diapirs of Oligocene Age.
Open Access
Erosión y desertificación.-Land degradation of Taleghan drainage basin, Iran from saline and alkaline marly formations
Feiznia, S.; Hosseini, S.H.; Universidad de Murcia
ABSTRACT In Iran fine – grained, saline, alkaline and erodible Tertiary marly formations are exposed in many geological zones and play important role in the formation of present landforms. They also play important role in degradation of water resources and soils as diffuse sources, they are the main sources of suspension loads of many rivers and are endless sources of sediments for sand dunes. These marly formations are present in Zagros, Central Iran, Alborz and Kopeh – Dagh Geological Zones and consists of different geological formations such as Gachsaran, Mishan and Razak Formations(in Zagros), Lower Red and Upper Red Formations(in Central Iran) and Neogene Red Beds(in Albors and Kopeh-Dagh). In this research, Neogene marly formations of Taleghan Drainage Basin, located in Alborz Geological Zone are investigated for chemical, physical and mechanical characteristics and erosion and sediment yield potential. The studied area is located about 100 kilometers west of Tehran and is one of the subdrainages of sefid-Rood Dam. Runoff and sediment yield were measured using field rainfall simulator. According to their physical and chemical characteristics, Neogens fine grained Formations of Taleghan Drainage Basin were classified into six subunits: Siltstone (NgSi), Claystone (gy1C), marl(gy1M), haliferous siltstone (NgSiH), haliferous claystone (gy2CH) and gypsiferous claystone (gy1CG). From the view point of salinity and alkalinity, NgSi unit is alkaline and NgsiH, gy2CH, gy1C and gy1CC units are saline and alkaline. The order of the units in respect to sediment and runoff production is as follows: NgsiH>Ngsi>gy2Ch>gy1CC > gy1C.
Open Access
Erosión y desertificación.-Tracing sediment sources in Royan Drainage basin, Iran
Feiznia, S.; Kouhpeima, A.; Ahmadi, H.; Hashemi, S. A.; Universidad de Murcia
ABSTRACT For successful soil conservation measures, obtaining information about the relative importance of sediment source and their shares in sediment production is required. Tracing or source studies are emphasized in recent years due to their privileges. In this research, sediment sources were identified using tracing method. A small earth dam is constructed at the outlet of Royan Drainage Basin in 1993. In this study, sediments were sampled from dam reservoir, different sources were also sampled. Fifteen tracers were first selected for tracing which are: the amounts of N, Carbon, Cr, Co, Mg, K, Na, smectite, cholorite, illite, kaolinite, PH and two magnetic properties consisting of XLF and XFD. The samples were analyzed in the laboratory for these parameters and different statistical methods were applied to the data including Nonparametric Kruskal Walis Test, Stepwise Differentiation Function Analysis. The contribution of each sediment source in sediment yield was obtained by optimization of multivariate composite model which shows Karaj Formation (EV) contributes %32.86, Quaternary unit (Q) %30.92, gully erosion %26.77, Shemshak Formation (Js) %4.69, Upper Red Formation (M1) %2.35 and Lar Formation (Jl) %1.41 of sediment yield and have the highest contributions in sediment yield respectively. The results of this research can be used in soil conservation projects for execution of suitable management strategies.
Open Access
Good governance and international relations in Iranian sports organizations
(Murcia: Servicio de publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2020) Rassouli, Mandana; Sajjadi, Nasrollah; Mosaffa, Nasrin; Rasekh, Nazanin
This study aimed to analyze good governance (GG) and interna-tional relations in Iranian sports organizations. The sample was composed of 150 sport managers from Iran. The instrument used was an ad hoc ques-tionnaire based on the basic universal principles of GG of the Olympic and Sports Movement. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed. After data collection, the data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Amos 23, using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. According to the Iranian sports managers that participated in this study, the most important factors of GG and international relations in Iranian sports orga-nizations were, in order of importance: Internal integrity and independency, transparency, responsibility, discipline, accountability, rule of law, partici-pation and democracy.
Open Access
Identifying and prioritizing the factors affecting the Iranian Sports Refereeing Ethics Code
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de publicaciones, 2021) Kalani, Ahdieh Sadeghi; Zardoshtian, Shirin; Bahrami, Shahab; Sadeghi, Masoud
The purpose of this research was to compile a sports refereeing ethics code in Iran. The method of the present research was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). A total of 15 experts in the field of refereeing ethics in sports were interviewed by the method of snowball sampling. The results obtained from the interview led to a valid and reliable questionnaire that was randomly distributed among the referees and assistant referees of the Iranian premier leagues of team sports (football, volleyball, handball and basketball) and individual sports (taekwondo, karate, wrestling and swimming), with a total sample of 224 people. Analysis and coding were performed using the softwares Max Kyoda, SPSS and Smart PLS. Research findings showed that 8 themes and 61 sub-themes were extracted in this field, which include the components of behavior, corruption, communication, sociocultural aspect, family, respect, legality and justice, in this order of importance. In general, paying attention to the behavioral and corruption aspects plays an important role in improving the ethical status of sports referees in Iran.
Open Access
Identifying factors affecting sustainable development in sports facilities of Razavi Khorasan Province
(Murcia: Servicio de publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2020) Rahmani, Hossein; Hami, Mohamad; Dosti, Morteza
The objective was to identify the factors affecting sustainable de-velopment in sports facilities of Razavi Khorasan Province and to design a qualitative model of these factors. The sample of this study consisted of 15 participants (faculty members of sport management, executives of the Mi-nistry of Sport and expert managers of sporting places of Razavi Khorasan Province). In-depth interviews were used as the main data collection tool. In order to analyze the data, the opinions of the experts (text) were coded and categorized. Finally, the identified categories were analyzed according to the conceptual model of research (concepts, components and indicators) and the addition of new components was summarized. This process was carried out with MAXQDA version 18 software. According to the views of the experts analyzed, various factors affect the sustainable development of sports facilities in Razavi Khorasan province. The most important factor was users and the least important factor was privatization. Management, safety, and human resources were also important issues.
Open Access
Irán: el desafío de las mujeres en el arte
(Servicio de publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2018) Torrent Esclapés, Rosalía; Caballero Guiral, María Juncal
Interpretando el feminismo como el movimiento político e ideológico que es, en este artículo, nos centraremos en las mujeres artistas iraníes que, con su praxis, contribuyen cada día a subvertir los principios patriarcales dominantes en su país (aunque también de los países en los que se hospedan). Abordaremos el trabajo de algunas de estas artistas, tanto de las que viven en el exilio como las que se han quedado en Irán o residen a caballo entre su lugar de origen y países ajenos a su cultura. Observaremos cómo existe una verdadera ofensiva artística por parte de unas mujeres que son conscientes de la situación desigual en la que se encuentran y utilizan su actividad como elemento de acción y disensión. Conociendo los lenguajes internacionales, saben utilizarlos, aunque se interesan por desplegar un sistema simbólico e iconográfico que bebe de las fuentes de su cultura. De esta manera, despliegan un conjunto de relaciones visuales complejas e incluso enigmáticas que dejan fluir la imaginación de quienes las observan.
Open Access
Leadership styles of Iranian Physical Education teachers
(Murcia: Servicio de publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2020) Houshyar, Manoochehr; Hamid Sajadi, Sayed; Amirtash, Abdolreza; Haji Anzahaei, Zahra
The present study aimed to determine the most adequate leaders-hip style for Iranian Physical Education teachers. The sample was composed of 384 Physical Education teachers from Iran of 4 regions and 20 provinces. Multistage sampling and simple random sampling were used. The variables studied in this research were: 1) Leadership style. 2) Sociocultural attitudes. 3) Personality dimensions. 4) Situational factors. The leadership style was evaluated with the Likert Leadership Styles Standard Questionnaire. The sociocultural attitudes of the physical education teachers were determined with the Cultural Attitudes Questionnaire. The personality traits of the educators were analysed with the Five Personality Trait Inventory. The si-tuational factors of employees were assessed with the Standard Staff Rea-diness Questionnaire. The final model of the appropriate leadership style with personality traits, cultural attitudes and situational factors of Physical Education teachers indicates that the most appropriate leadership styles for the Iranian Physical Education teachers were Delegating and Coaching styles, followed by Supporting and Directing styles.
Open Access
Moderating Effects of Hardiness and optimism on negative life events and coping self-efficacy in first-year undergraduate students
(Universidad de Murcia, 2020) Abbasi, Mohammad; Ghadampour, Ezatollah; Hojati, Mohammad; Senobar, Abas
Introducción: Este estudio analiza el papel de la resistencia y eloptimismo en los eventos negativos de la vida y la autoeficacia de afrontamiento en 228 estudiantes universitarios de primer año de la Universidad de Lorestan (Irán). El objetivo del estudio era doble: (1) analizar las asociaciones entre resistencia, optimismo, eventos de vida negativos y autoeficacia de afrontamiento; y (2) determinar si la resistencia y el optimismo moderan la relación entre los eventos negativos de la vida y la autoeficacia de afrontamiento. Método: Este estudio correlacional descriptivo se realizó en el año escolar 2016-17. En este estudio, al principio seleccionamos 228 estudiantes. Luego, los estudiantes completaron el Cuestionario de Eventos de la Vida Adolescente (ALEQ), la Prueba de Orientación de la Vida revisada (LOT-R), la Escala de Resistencia de Kobasa y la Escala de Autoeficacia (CSE). Se utilizaron análisis jerárquicos de regresión lineal para examinar el papel moderador de la resistencia y el optimismo. Resultados: Los resultados revelan que existe una relación significativa entre resistencia, optimismo, eventos vitales negativos y autoeficacia de afrontamiento. La resistencia y el optimismo también fueron moderadores en la relación entre los eventos negativos de la vida y la autoeficacia de afrontamiento. Conclusión: Los hallazgos respaldaron la hipótesis de que niveles más altos de resistencia y optimismo se asociarían con niveles más altos de autoeficacia de afrontamiento, y que niveles más bajos de resistencia y optimismo se asociarían con niveles más bajos de autoeficacia de afrontamiento. Finalmente, nuestros resultados implican que la resistencia y el optimismo son un moderador importante de los eventos negativos de la vida del estudiante sobre la autoeficacia de afrontamiento.
Open Access
Las mujeres iraníes como potencia de cambio en el país
(2024-07-26) Abril Montoya, Andrea; Ramos Hidalgo, Rosa Marcela; Turismo
La historia de los derechos de las mujeres en la República Islámica de Irán hasta la actualidad es la imagen de la eterna lucha por una identidad propia y defensa de unos derechos y libertades que se les han negado de manera sistemática desde las instituciones. Esto demuestra como las protestas que estallan el 16 de septiembre de 2022 en el país son el resultado de la represión vivida a lo largo de los años y que ha sido respaldada por leyes islámicas que no son más que el fruto de una reinterpretación de las bases coránicas. Este ensayo recorre así el pasado, el presente y el futuro de Irán desde una perspectiva de género para estudiar de dónde vienen estas protestas y cuál será su trascendencia en la sociedad, así como en el régimen
Open Access
Quality assessment of Physical Education in Shahriar city based on SERVQUAL model
(Murcia: Servicio de publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2020) Monazami, Amirhossein; Karami, Farokh; Shahbazi, Masumeh
he objective was to assess the quality of Physical Education in secondary schools of Shahriar city using the SERVQUAL model. The sample consisted of 336 (217 males and 119 females) secondary school stu-dents of Shahriar in 2019-2020. The distribution of the students was: 166 students (49.4%) of tenth grade, 132 students (39.5%) of eleventh grade and 38 students (11.1%) of twelfth grade. An adaptation of SERVQUAL questionnaire was the instrument used, with the title “Quality of Service in Physical Education” (Cronbach’s alpha=0.949). Data were analyzed with SPSS 16. The quality of the desirable educational services was significantly (p<0.01) higher than the quality of the available educational services in all the dimensions studied: Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assuran-ce, Empathy. For tenth grade students, the most important dimension was tangibles and the least important was responsiveness. For eleventh grade students, the most important dimension was assurance and the least im-portant was responsiveness. For twelfth grade students, the most impor-tant dimension was assurance and the least important was empathy. The findings of this study can be used to improve education quality in schools, particularly in Physical Education.
Open Access
The attitude, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of useand acceptance of artificial intelligence among medicalstudents in Iran: An application of the technologyacceptance model.
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2025-12-10) Jalambadani, Zeinab; Ghorbani, Ali Reza; Rabiei, Mehdi; Assarzadeh, Hossein; Sin departamento asociado
Introducción: Este estudio evaluó la actitud, la utilidad percibida (PU), la facilidad de uso percibida (PEOU) y la intención de aceptar la tecnología de inteligencia artificial (IA) de los estudiantes de medicina en Irán en 2024 utilizando el Modelo de Aceptación de Tecnología (TAM). Metodología: En este estudio transversal, se seleccionaron 246 estudiantes de medicina mediante un muestreo estratificado. Los datos se recopilaron con un cuestionario basado en TAM sobre IA y se analizaron utilizando SPSS 24. Se utilizaron la correlación de Pearson, la regresión lineal y las estadísticas descriptivas para evaluar las relaciones y los predictores. Resultados: La actitud hacia el uso (β = 0,41, P < 0,001), PEOU (β = 0,50, P < 0,001), PU (β = 0,43, P < 0,001) y la intención de uso (β = 0,58, P < 0,001) se asociaron significativamente con el uso real de IA. En una regresión multivariable, la PU, la PEOU y la actitud explicaron conjuntamente el 78 % de la varianza en el uso real de la IA (R² = 0,78; R² ajustado = 0,76; F(4, 241) = 60,75; p < 0,001). Conclusión: La PU, la PEOU y la actitud positiva son fuertes predictores de la aceptación y el uso real de la IA entre los estudiantes de medicina. Las instituciones educativas deben abordar estos factores para facilitar la integración efectiva de la IA en la formación médica.

Browsing by Subject "Iran"

Results Per Page

Sort Options