Browsing by Subject "Interstitial cystitis"

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    Experimental murine models of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: A review
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2025) Saito, Tetsuichi; Minagawa, Tomonori; Yoshimura, Naoki; Luo, Yi; Akiyama, Yoshiyuki
    Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic enigmatic disease of the urinary bladder characterized by persistent bladder/pelvic pain in conjunction with lower urinary tract symptoms. IC/BPS is categorized as either Hunner-type IC (HIC) or BPS based on the presence/absence of the Hunner lesion, a reddish mucosal lesion in the bladder. HIC and BPS present with similar symptoms, however, the etiologies are completely different. Recent evidence suggests that HIC is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the urinary bladder. In contrast, BPS, other forms of HIC lacking Hunner lesions, is a minimally inflamed condition comprising various clinical phenotypes. Based on this evidence, basic research into IC/BPS has shifted to target each subtype of IC/BPS. Today, experimental murine models of autoimmune cystitis are used for HIC research, whereas models related to neurophysiological and psychosocial dysfunctions have been developed for BPS research. This emerging concept of a subtype-tailored approach may contribute to a better understanding of the full picture of IC/BPS, thereby improving current clinical management strategies and the development of novel therapies.
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    Pathology and terminology of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: A review
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2019) Akiyama, Yoshiyuki; Homma, Yukio; Maeda, Daichi
    Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is an umbrella term of chronic debilitating conditions of unknown etiology characterized by symptoms of lower urinary tract hypersensitivity such as bladder pain/discomfort, urgency, and urinary frequency. The pathological features of IC/BPS have been generally reported as non-specific chronic inflammatory changes, with mast cell infiltration as a potential key finding. However, growing evidence reveals a histological distinction between IC/BPS with Hunner lesions and IC/BPS without Hunner lesions, and also sheds doubt on the diagnostic value of the mast cell count. Specifically, IC/BPS with Hunner lesions is an inflammatory disorder characterized by pancystitis with B cell abnormalities and epithelial denudation, while IC/BPS without Hunner lesions shows minimal histological changes. The umbrella term “IC/BPS” connects totally distinct clinical entities. Pathological evaluation thus plays an important role in the precise subtyping and clinical management of IC/BPS. In addition, terminology should be developed to refer separately to IC/BPS with Hunner lesions and IC/BPS without Hunner lesions