Browsing by Subject "Immune regulation"

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    Changes in humoral immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection in liver transplant recipients compared to immunocompetent patients
    (Wiley, 2021-04-09) Caballero-Marcos, Aránzazu; Salcedo, Magdalena; Alonso-Fernández, Roberto; Rodriguez-Peralvarez, Manuel; Olmedo, María; Graus Morales, Javier; Cuervas-Mons, Valentín; Cachero, Alba; Loinaz-Segurola, Carmelo; Iñarrairaegui, Mercedes; Castells, Lluis; Pascual, Sonia; Vinaixa-Aunés, Carmen; Gonzalez-Grande, Rocio; Otero, Alejandra; Tomé, Santiago; Tejedor-Tejada, Javier; Álamo-Martínez, José María; González-Diéguez, Luisa; Nogueras-López, Flor; Blanco-Fernández, Gerardo; Muñoz-Bartolo, Gema; Bustamante, Francisco Javier; Fábrega, Emilio; Romero-Cristóbal, Mario; Martin-Mateos, Rosa; Del Rio-Izquierdo, Julia; Arias-Milla, Ana; Calatayud, Laura; Marcacuzco-Quinto, Alberto A.; Fernández-Alonso, Victor; Gómez-Gavara, Concepción; Colmenero, Jordi; Muñoz, Patricia; Pons Miñano, José Antonio; The Spanish Society of Liver Transplantation (SETH); Medicina
    The protective capacity and duration of humoral immunity after SARS-CoV- 2 infection are not yet understood in solid organ transplant recipients. A prospective multicenter study was performed to evaluate the persistence of anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibodies liver transplant recipients 6 months after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) resolution. A total of 71 liver transplant recipients were matched with 71 immunocompetent controls by a propensity score including variables with a well-known prognostic impact in COVID-19.Paired case–control data were also available in 62 liver transplant patients and 62 controls at month 3 after COVID-19. Liver transplant recipients showed a lower incidence of anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibodies at 3 months (77.4% vs. 100%, p < .001) and at 6 months (63.4% vs. 90.1%, p < .001). Lower levels of antibodies were also observed in liver transplant patients at 3 (p = .001) and 6 months (p < .001) after COVID-19. In transplant patients, female gender (OR = 13.49, 95% CI: 2.17–83.8), a longer interval since transplantation (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.03–1.36), and therapy with renin–angiotensin– aldosterone system inhibitors (OR = 7.11, 95% CI: 1.47–34.50) were independently with persistence of antibodies beyond 6 months after COVID-19.Therefore, as compared with immunocompetent patients, liver transplant recipients show a lower prevalence of anti-SARS- CoV- 2 antibodies and more pronounced antibody levels decline.
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    Extracellular adenosine reversibly inhibits the activation of human regulatory T cells and negatively influences the achievement of the operational tolerance in liver transplantation
    (Wiley, 2018-07-17) Baroja-Mazo, Alberto; Revilla-Nuin, Beatriz; Bejar, Africa de; Martinez-Alarcón, Laura; Herrero, José I.; El-Tayeb, Ali; Müller, Christa E.; Aparicio, Pedro; Pons Miñano, José Antonio; Pelegrín Vivancos, Pablo; Medicina
    The artificial induction of tolerance in transplantation is gaining strength. In mice, a differential role of extracellular adenosine (eADO) for regulatory and effector T cells (Tregs and Teffs, respectively) has been proposed: inhibiting Teffs and inducing Tregs. The aim of this study was to analyze the action of extracellular nucleotides in human T cells and, moreover, to examine the influence of CD39 and CD73 ectonucleotidases and subsequent adenosine signaling through adenosine 2 receptor (A2R) in the induction of clinical tolerance after liver transplant. The action of extracellular nucleotides in human T cells was analyzed by in vitro experiments with isolated T cells. Additionally, 17 liver transplant patients were enrolled in an immunosuppression withdrawal trial, and the differences in the CD39‐CD73‐A2R axis were compared between tolerant and nontolerant patients. In contrast to the mice, the activation of human Tregs was inhibited similarly to Teffs in the presence of eADO. Moreover, the expression of the enzyme responsible for the degradation of ADO, adenosine deaminase, was higher in tolerant patients with respect to the nontolerant group along the immunosuppression withdrawal. Our data support the idea that eADO signaling and its degradation may play a role in the complex system of regulation of liver transplant tolerance.
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    Therapeutic potential of CD73+ mesenchymal stem cells for myocardial infarction and beyond
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2025) Hou, Huifang; Zheng, Miaoyun; Pan, Kai; Wang, Guodong; Li, Zongjin; Li, Qiong; Biología Celular e Histología
    Extracellular adenine nucleotides serve as crucial signaling molecules and influence a broad spectrum of physiological and pathological processes. CD73, the rate-limiting enzyme in the metabolism of extracellular adenine nucleotides, is ubiquitously expressed on various cell types, particularly stem cells. CD73+ mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as promising candidates for therapeutic applications due to their immunomodulatory and pro-regenerative properties. Numerous studies have highlighted the crucial role of CD73 in mediating tissue protection in myocardial infarction (MI). In this review, a brief overview of the cell type-specific expression, regulatory effects of CD73 on MSCs, and proangiogenic and immunomodulatory mechanisms is provided, with a focus on current findings concerning the protective functions of CD73 in the context of MI within the framework of stem cell therapy