Browsing by Subject "Green Chemistry"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
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    Ionic liquids as an enabling tool to integrate reaction and separation processes
    (RSC, 2019-10-22) Alvarez, Elena; Porcar, Raul; Garcia-Verdugo, Eduardo; V Luis, Santiago; Lozano Rodríguez, Pedro; Villa Aroca, Rocío; Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología
    The development of advanced processes able to directly provide pure products by integrating chemical transformations, product separation and recovery and reuse of the solvent and the catalytic phases by straightforward and smart approaches, is a key feature to build green chemical processes. The unique properties of ILs, one of the key enabling technologies, can lead, when combined with (bio)catalysts, to amazing synergies not only improving the catalytic efficiency (i.e. improved activity and enantioselectivity, enhanced stability, etc.), but also allowing the design of smarts approaches for product separation (e.g. IL/scCO2 biphasic reactors, membrane reactors, nanodrop systems, microfluidic devices, supported ionic liquid phases, sponge-like ionic liquids, etc.), incorporating the full recovery and reuse of the catalyst and the ILs phase. This tutorial review highlights representative examples of ILs-based systems integrating reaction/separation as a tool for the development of sustainable chemical processes leading to clean and pure chemical products.
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    Understanding the enzymatic synthesis of a new biolubricant: decane-1,10-diyl bis(2-methylpentanoate)
    (MDPI, 2024-12-26) Ortega Requena, Salvadora; Máximo, María Fuensanta; Montiel Morte, María Claudia; Gómez Gómez, María; Murcia Almagro, María Dolores; Bastida Rodríguez, Josefa; Ingeniería Química; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Química
    The value of branched esters comes from the special properties they have in cold environments, which allow them to remain liquid over a wide range of temperatures. These properties make them useful for application in the cosmetic industry or as lubricant additives. This paper presents the studies carried out to ascertain the operational feasibility of the enzymatic esterification of 2-methylpentanoic acid (MPA) with 1,10-decanediol (DD), with the objective of obtaining a novel molecule: decane-1,10-diyl bis(2-methylpentanoate) (DDBMP). The enzymatic reaction is conducted in a thermostated batch reactor, utilizing the commercially available immobilized lipase Lipozyme® 435 in a solvent-free medium. The reaction conversion is determined by an acid number determination and a gas chromatographic analysis. The most optimal result is achieved at a temperature of 80 °C, a biocatalyst concentration of 2.5% (w/w), and a non-stoichiometric substrate relation. A preliminary economic study and the calculation of Green Metrics has established that the operation with a 30% molar excess of acid is the best option to obtain a product with 92.6% purity at a lower cost than the other options and in accordance with the 12 Principles of Green Chemistry. The synthetized diester has a viscosity index of 210, indicating that this new molecule can be used as a biolubricant at extreme temperatures.