Browsing by Subject "Gastric"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Histomorphometric analysis with a proposed tissue lesion index in ischemia-reperfusion induced gastric mucosa damage
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2018) Peña Mercado, Eduardo; Garcia Lorenzana, Mario; Beltran, Nohra E.
    Damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa caused by ischemia - reperfusion is a significant clinical problem associated with various physiopathological conditions. Our group has conducted various studies in patients in critical conditions and in animal models to identify early damage to the gastric mucosa under ischemia using impedance spectroscopy. It is important to perform a quantitative histopathological analysis which can be linked to changes in impedance of the gastric mucosa under conditions of ischemia and I/R. Aim. To propose a tissue lesion index which considers pathological alterations inherent to the inflammatory process and cell damage which may be directly related to changes in impedance under conditions of ischemia and I/R. Methods. The animals were randomly distributed into 4 groups: control, ischemia (30 min), and I/R (30 and 60 min). Qualitative histopathological analysis was performed; the vascular area, glandular lumen area, the number of damaged cells, and the depth of the erosion were also quantified to obtain a scale to propose a tissue lesion index (TLI). Results. Under ischemic conditions, histopathological analysis showed edema and necrosis in epithelial cells, and vascular congestion. In I/R (30 and 60 min) conditions, areas of epithelial erosion were generated. Damage was classified based on the TLI. A TLI threshold of 3 showed a predictive value of tissue lesion. Conclusion. The proposed gastric lesion index allows us to objectively quantify and classify damage to the gastric mucosa produced by I/R.
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    Is there still a place for conventional histopathology in the age of molecular medicine? Laurén classification, inflammatory infiltration and other current topics in gastric cancer diagnosis and prognosis
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2021) Díaz del Arco, Cristina; Ortega Medina, Luis; Estrada Muñoz, Lourdes; García Gómez de las Heras, Soledad; Fernández Aceñero, Maria Jesús
    Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer and the third cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In western countries, more than half of GC patients are diagnosed at advanced stages and 5- year survival rates range between 20-30%. The only curative treatment is surgery, and despite recent advances in oncological therapies, GC prognosis is still poor. The main prognostic tool for patient categorization and treatment selection is the TNM classification, but its limitations are being increasingly recognized. Early recurrences may occur in early-stage disease, and patients at the same stage show heterogeneous outcomes. Thus, there is a need to improve GC stratification and to identify new prognostic factors, which may allow us to select drug-susceptible populations, refine patient grouping for clinical trials and discover new therapeutic targets. Molecular classifications have been developed, but they have not been translated to the clinical practice. On the other hand, histological assessment is cheap and widely available, and it is still a mainstay in the era of molecular medicine. Furthermore, histological features are acquiring new roles as reflectors of the genotypephenotype correlation, and their potential impact on patient management is currently being analyzed. The aim of this literature review is to provide a modern overview of the histological assessment of GC. In this study, we discuss recent topics on the histological diagnosis of GC, focusing on the current role of Laurén classification and the potential value of new histological features in GC, such as inflammatory infiltration and tumor budding.
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    Serrated adenoma of the stomach: A clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular study of nine cases
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2013) Kwon, Mi Jung; Min, Byung-Hoon; Lee, Sun-Mi; Park, Ha Young; Kang, So Young; Ha, Sang Yun; Lee, Jun Haeng; Kim, Jae J.; Park, Cheol-Keun; Kim, Kyoung-Mee
    Gastric serrated adenoma is a recently recognized entity that has been rarely described and poorly characterized. To examine whether gastric serrated adenoma shares the same immunophenotypic and molecular features of its colorectal traditional serrated adenoma, the clinicopathologic features, expression of mucin proteins (MUC2, MUC5AC, CD10, MUC6) and mismatch repair protein (MLH1), and mutations of BRAF and KRAS genes were studied. The nine serrated adenomas were obtained from five men and four women, with a mean age of 67 years. Seven (78%) serrated adenomas were located in the body of the stomach. The endoscopic findings were not sufficiently characteristic to diagnose serrated adenoma or serrated adenocarcinoma; however, most were elevated lesions. The initial biopsy material was available in all cases and the serrated features were evident in 6 cases diagnosed as adenoma. Among the nine cases, seven (78%) were associated with invasive adenocarcinoma within the serrated adenoma. MUC5AC was expressed in 6 serrated adenomas (67%). Expression of MUC5AC was observed in all tumors located in the lower third of the stomach. Focal MUC6 expression was observed in the basal part of two serrated adenomas. MLH1 expression was lost in two cases (22%). KRAS mutations were observed in three cases (33%) while BRAF mutations were not detected in any of the cases. Gastric serrated adenoma does not completely share the same immunophenotypic and molecular features of its colorectal counterpart. Gastric serrated adenomas are frequently associated with adenocarcinoma. When serrated adenoma is encountered in a gastric biopsy specimen, the possibility of associated adenocarcinoma should be considered in the adjacent stomach.