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Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Murcia

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Browsing by Subject "Food insecurity"

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    Assessing the effects of autarchic policies on the biological well-being: Analysis of deviations in cohort male height in the Valencian Community (Spain) during Francoist regime
    (Elsevier, 2021-02-12) Cámara, Antonio D.; Puche, Javier; Martínez Carrión, José Miguel; Economía Aplicada
    This article aims to assess the impact of autarchic policies on the biological dimensions of human well-being during Francoist regime in Spain. This is done by examining the nutritional status of the population through the study of male adult heights. Our case study is the Valencian Community with the focus on the period 1940–59 which witnessed the implementation of such policies. The heights of 21-year old draftees born between 1900 and 1954 from nine municipalities (N = 87,510) were analyzed in the light of inter-cohort deviations from a secular trend established for cohorts that were not exposed to autarchy-related hardships. Height was regressed on infant mortality as a way to control for infection and therefore approach the net effect of nutrition on height outcomes. Contrarily to what was displayed by cohort height trends in themselves, the results reveal a significant worsening of the nutritional status of the male population at the time. Deviations from the expected height trend across municipalities ranged between −0.5 and −3.4 mm per year. The effects of malnutrition are found to be larger among cohorts born in the period 1920–34 in coherence with a longer exposure to autarchy hardships during adolescence. Pre-autarchy nutrition levels observed among the cohorts of 1900–14 were not regained until the cohorts 1945–49. The results also show that malnutrition had an unequal impact with the large industrial towns of our sample experiencing the poorest height outcomes. Overall, these results invite to revise conclusions obtained from the sole evidence of height trends and they question the efficiency of intervention policies implemented in Spain during the 1940s.
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    Determinantes socioculturales de la política alimentaria: voces de las personas beneficiarias del programa Comedores Comunitarios. Estudio realizado en la Ciudad de Culiacán Sinaloa México
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2020) Verdugo Araujo, Luz Mercedes; Cabello Garza, Leticia
    El propósito de este trabajo es dar a conocer parte de los resultados de una investigación sobre el proceso de implementación de una política social alimentaria a través de Comedores Comunitarios en atención a la inseguridad alimentaria en la ciudad de Culiacán, Sinaloa, México. El objetivo fue conocer los elementos socioculturales que determinan la eficiencia del programa social. El diseño de la investigación es descriptivo-interpretativo utilizando un enfoque cualitativo basado en un método hermenéutico-critico que recupera los discursos de 30 personas beneficiadas de 27 Comedores Comunitarios que operan el programa en la Ciudad de Culiacán, Sinaloa, México. Las representaciones del proyecto político significan para las personas beneficiarias una opción de alimentación y crean un espacio de convivencia y descanso. Los discursos muestran lo que viven y sienten respecto a la cotidianidad del comensal y son reflejados a través de 6 dimensiones de determinantes socioculturales: dimensión selectiva, resistencia cultural, dependencia, vulnerabilidad de salud, ecológico-social y el vacío del proyecto familiar, los cuales precisan en la acción lo cultural y político. Asimismo se visualiza la necesidad de conocer las determinantes socioculturales de la alimentación para contribuir a transformar la realidad alimentaria, y reconocer los factores estructurales de la inseguridad alimentaria, pero también las condicionantes en el seno de las prácticas sociales de las familias, ya que ambas son importantes a la hora de tomar decisiones de la política alimentaria.

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