DigitalUM :: Browsing by Subject "Europe"

Browsing by Subject "Europe"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 30

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2030 Agenda of sustainable transport: Can current progress lead towards carbon neutrality?
(Elsevier, 2023-09) Khurshid, Adnan; Khan, Khalid; Cifuentes Faura, Javier; Ciencia Política, Antropología Social y Hacienda Pública; Facultad de Economía y Empresa
The sustainable development goal of combating climate change highlights the importance of the transportation sector. This study analyzes the impact of eco-innovations in transportation along with traffic-TRF (road, rail, air), infrastructure development, green finances, trade globalization on demand, transport emissions, and greenhouse gas emissions from 1994 to 2020 in EU25 economies. Furthermore, the policy impact of innovation and taxes and renewables are estimated using their interactions. We employed second-generation approaches, PMG-ARDL, Panel Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE) and Granger causality. The results reveal that green transport neutralizes pollutant emissions, and traffic increases emissions by 17.5%, while green taxes limit them to 15.3% and 39.3% in the long and short run. Green taxes are a short-run tool; however, long-run sustainable targets depend on green transport, renewables, and R&D. European economies must revisit their transport and environmental policies, as current progress may not lead toward sustainable transportation.
Open Access
Competencias históricas y narrativas europeas/nacionales en los libros de texto
(SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online, 2019-07-10) Gómez Carrasco, Cosme Jesús; Vivas Moreno, Verónica; Miralles Martínez, Pedro; Didáctica de las Ciencias Matemáticas y Sociales
El objetivo de este artículo es analizar los cambios y las pervivencias en la propuesta de competencias históricas y narrativas nacionales/europeas en los libros de texto de Educación Secundaria. Para ello se han escogido seis libros de dos leyes españolas diferentes y un contenido concreto: la Edad Moderna. Se ha utilizado un enfoque de investigación mixto, combinando técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas. La muestra la compone un total de 1300 actividades. Los resultados indican que los manuales han mejorado en tipología de actividades y en el nivel cognitivo exigido, pero siguen dominando los contenidos de conceptos, hechos y datos concretos. Por otro lado, se vislumbra un cambio en la narrativa propuesta, en la que dominan claramente conocimientos de tipo cultural y artísticos, y en el que las líneas maestras de la narrativa nacional han quedado enmarcadas en un contexto principalmente europeo.
Open Access
Las coordenadas educativas de los emigrantes. Europa como representación
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2005-01-01) Santos Rego, Miguel A.; Lorenzo Moledo, María del Mar
In this article we present a descriptive study in which we relate emigration and education in the European context. To such an effect, we work with a sample of Spanish emigrants (Galician, more specifically), linking their socioeconomic situation to a series of perceptions and expectations in the educational, cultural, cohabiting and labor sphere, once produced the integration of our country in the community club, and keeping in mind the purposes of walking toward objectives of intercultural understanding in view of the diversity of towns and cultures that form the Union. In short, we study that perceptive environment derived from the integration process, we evaluate the repercussions in the community web, and we propose some lines of socio-educational and cultural action.
Open Access
Decadencia y pluralismo en el pensamiento de Saavedra Fajardo. La ruptura del siglo XVII
(2015-09-23) González Martín, Francísco Javier
This essay analyzes the different crises in whose core Saavedra Fajardo's work should be classified: the financial, the military, and the national conscience crises; the crisis of unity and plurality of the new Europe that prepares the rise of peace in Westphalia and the origin of the ius publicum europaeum. All of it provides Saavedra with the capacity of precursor of thinkers who demanded a reformation or a regeneration of Spain.
Open Access
La delimitación por el TEDH de líneas rojas en un derecho global sobre derechos humanos.
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2020) Sánchez Barrilao, Juan Francisco
Este trabajo tiene por objeto la contribución del TEDH en la configuración de un espacio europeo y global de los derechos humanos; y ello, especialmente, a partir de la identificación de líneas rojas por el TEDH, en cuanto que fronteras últimas a la indisponibilidad de los derechos humanos por el poder.
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Dissident feminism at the end of the Franco dictatorship. The new taming of the shrew (1975)
(Bloomsbury (The Arden Shakespeare), 2021) Cerdá Martínez, Juan Francisco; Filología Inglesa; Facultad de Letras
Open Access
Employee engagement in tourism: A generational study of european countries
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2020) Ferreira, Pedro
The goal of this paper is to examine employee engagement among different generations of tourism workers across European countries. The research takes a quantitative approach. Data from 2,393 employees from 35 European countries working in tourism were consi-dered. Data analysis was based on cluster analysis to find patterns of engagement across countries and hierarchical multiple regression analysis and other statistical tools to confirm differences between generations. The results reveal three groups of countries with different patterns of engagement. The findings also show differences between generational groups.
Open Access
Europa como “comunidad mnémica”: el recuerdo del Holocausto entre memorias cosmopolitas y multidireccionales.
(Universidad de Alicante., 2021) Perez Baquero, Rafael; Filosofía
El objetivo del presente estudio es ofrecer una reflexión sobre las dificultades inherentes a la construcción de marcos rememorativos, a nivel europeo, que integren las memorias heterogéneas de los diferentes estados. La particularidad de esta lectura radica en el recurso a categorías contemporáneas de los «estudios de memoria» para abordar tal desafío. En primer lugar, elaboramos los rasgos de la «memoria cosmopolita», desarrollada por Daniel Levy y Natan Sznaider. Tras presentar sus bases teóricas, recurrimos a ensayos críticos contemporáneos, para reflejar algunas de las limitaciones de las que dicha categoría adolece. Frente a aquellas, desarrollamos en qué medida la «memoria multidireccional» de Michael Rothberg supera dichos déficits y ofrece una matriz teórica para pensar y representar la construcción de una memoria transnacional europea.
Open Access
Filipo II de Macedonia: el primer europeo. Asia y Europa como conceptos políticos en la Grecia clásica
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2022) Sierra Martín, César
El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la evolución histórica y cultural de Europa y Asia como términos políticos en la Grecia clásica. Para ello, abordaremos fuentes de diversa índole como Esquilo, Heródoto, el escrito hipocrático Aires, aguas y lugares y el orador Isócrates. Partiremos de la equiparación inicial entre Europa (= Grecia) y Asia (= Persia) hasta alcanzar la propuesta de Isócrates de considerar a Filipo como un líder europeo.
Embargo
Fissidens eremicus (Fissidentaceae), a new pseudocryptic African–European species with dimorphic stems
(Taylor and Francis Group, 2021-05-14) Martínez, Mónica; Cano Bernabé, María Jesús; Guerra Montes, Juan; Jiménez Fernández, Juan Antonio; Biología Vegetal
Within Fissidens subgenus Fissidens, several species are distinguished in Europe. Some of them are easily identifiable by their morphological characters, and others by a combination of these characters and their sexual reproduction structures. The discovery in the south of the Iberian Peninsula of collections similar to F. viridulus (Sw.) Wahlenb. but with dimorphic fronds (male and female plants) like those of F. sublimbatus Grout suggests that an undescribed taxon exists in this region. Nuclear ITS sequences of four samples of this hypothetical new species from southern Spain and 28 specimens of other species of the subgenera Fissidens and Pachyfissidens were studied. Relationships between specimens were explored with maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analysis. A morphological study comparing the material to F. sublimbatus was also made. Molecular data showed high support for the recognition of a new species that also presents some morphological differences from Fissidens sublimbatus. Consequently, F. eremicus J.Guerra & J.A.Jiménez has been here described as a new species that can be considered as pseudocryptic and is readily confused with F. sublimbatus. This new taxon is known from the Canary Islands, North Africa and south-southeast Spain, colonising loamy-calcareous soils in ravines of places that are generally neither arid nor subject to much rain.
Open Access
Francisco Ayala. Un intelectual orteguiano de vuelta a casa
(Universidad de Murcia, 2020) Piras, Alessio
Después de la muerte de Franco, Francisco Ayala volvió definitivamente a España y se integró en la vida intelectual del país. En este artículo se pretende repasar cómo interpretó el granadino su papel de intelectual comprometido en la sociedad y de qué manera ha reinterpretado una parte del legado orteguiano en el periodo de la Transición. Se estudiará, pues, su labor intelectual en el marco del periodo transitorio a la democracia, enfocando este último con un planteamiento que rehúya las celebraciones enfáticas al igual que las críticas a priori.
Open Access
Health shocks and housing downsizing: how persistent is ‘ageing in place’?
(Elsevier, 2022-12) Costa-Font, Joan; Vilaplana Prieto, Cristina; Fundamentos del Análisis Económico
Individual preferences for ‘ageing in place’ (AIP) in old age are not well understood. One way to test the strength of AIP preference is to investigate the effect of health shocks on residential mobility to smaller size or value dwellings, which we refer to as ’housing downsizing’. This paper exploits more than a decade worth of longitudinal data to study older people’s housing decisions across a wide range of European countries. We estimate the effect of health shocks on different proxies for housing downsizing (residential mobility, differences in home value, home value to wealth ratio), to examine the persistence of AIP preferences. Our findings suggest that consistently with the AIP hypothesis, after every decade of life, the likelihood of downsizing decreases by two percentage points (pp). However, the experience of a health shock partially reverts such culturally embedded preference for AIP by a non-negligible magnitude We estimate a 9pp increase in the probability of residential mobility after the onset of a degenerative illness), a 0.6 a fewer rooms after the onset of a degenerative illness. Such estimates are larger in northern and central European countries.
Open Access
Incidence and trend of type I and II endometrial cancer in women from two population-based european cancer registries (1998–2012)
(MDPI, 2022-03-23) Rodríguez-Palacios, Daniel Ángel; Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M.; Velten, Michel; Vaamonde-Martín, Ricardo J.; Ballesta Ruiz, Mónica; Chirlaque López, María Dolores; Ciencias Sociosanitarias; Facultad de Enfermería
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most frequent female genital tract cancer in Europe. This cohort study aimed to determine age-standardised incidence rates and long-term trends of type I and II endometrial cancer in women from population-based cancer registries in the Region of Murcia (Spain) and the Bas-Rhin area (France). Data of new cases of endometrial cancer between 1998 and 2012 were obtained from the Murcia and Bas-Rhin cancer registries. In that period, 3756 cases of endometrial cancer were recorded, with 3270 corresponding to type I EC and 486 corresponding to type II EC. The Bas-Rhin area presented higher age-adjusted incidence rates than those in the Region of Murcia for both type I EC (24.2 and 19.3 cases/100,000 person-years (py), respectively) and type II EC (4.4 and 2.3 cases/100,000 py, respectively). Joinpoint regression showed no changes in trends. In both populations, there was an increasing trend for both EC types, but the trend was steeper in the Region of Murcia and larger overall for type II EC. Finally, a significant increase was observed in the annual trend of type II EC. Further studies are warranted to determine the potential risk factors, and continued efforts are needed to improve the recording and monitoring of EC types.
Open Access
Legal frameworks for media literacy
Grandío, María del Mar; Dilli, Sirin; O’Neill, Brian; Comunicación
Our focus in this chapter is on the legal expression of media literacy with particular reference to the ethical and social challenges faced by citizens in the media and information society. Drawing on the relevant literature in the field, our objective here is to develop greater theoretical specificity through the analysis of concepts and relationships mapped against the actual data from the Translit project. Close reading of country reports produced in the course of the Translit enables us to generate questions, to extend the literature on legal frameworks for MIL and policy and to assess how it applies to varied situations across Europe. In this chapter, we summarise and synthesize the landscape of legal frameworks for MIL. Following a review of all 28 European country reports from the Translit project, the aim is to better understand the extent to which different cultures and institutions within Europe participate within the MIL process. Our premise is that the policy debate around media and information literacy has been transformed since the 1990s. Tectonic shifts in the technical, economic, and policy domains have brought us to a new media landscape.
Open Access
Metamorfosis Sistémica en el siglo XXI
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2022) García Martínez, José María
En el siglo XXI, el proceso de desarrollo capitalista está atravesando por importantes transformaciones económicas, políticas, sociales y culturales. En el presen-te artículo se realiza una breve síntesis de algunos factores relevantes relacionados con estas transformaciones políticas, analizando el nuevo campo de batalla político entre el nacionalismo enfrentado a la globalización y la corriente política progresista surgida en el siglo XXI, reflexionando sobre el papel que juegan los tradicionales movimientos socialistas y de izquierda en el espacio público de la política abierto por las nuevas condiciones de la globalización contemporánea y las severas consecuencias de la política neoliberal extendida por todo el mundo desde finales del siglo XX.
Open Access
Paratuberculosis at European scale: an overview from 2010 to 2017
(2020-04-24) Fanelli, Angela; Buonavoglia, Domenico; Martínez-Carrasco Pleite, Carlos; Tizzani, Paolo; Sanidad Animal; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Veterinaria
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the etiological agent of paratuberculosis (PTB), a disease affecting domestic and wild ruminants. MAP may also play a zoonotic role in Crohn’s disease. Although both governments and industries are carrying out programmes to prevent and control the infection, there is a lack of harmonization across Europe. Moreover, the success of these programmes is influenced by the current lack of sensitivity of the diagnostic tests used. For these reasons, it is complex to evaluate the overall epidemiological situation of this disease. This study describes the European distribution of PTB from 2010 to 2017 using the information reported by Member Countries to the OIE. Countries were classified in three categories (‘Absent’, ‘Epizootic’, ‘Enzootic’) depending on the disease epidemiology, and the trend of countries reporting the disease presence was computed throughout the study period. A multilevel model with random slope was built for twelve countries, with complete reporting history. Most of the countries (57.44%) were classified as ‘Enzootic’. The percentage of countries reporting the disease presence slightly increased along the study period, probably due to the improvement of PTB monitoring, rather than to a deterioration of the epidemiological situation of the disease in Europe. Results of the model account for different dynamics in the number of outbreaks reported by ‘Enzootic’ and ‘Epizootic’ countries.
Open Access
Patterns and correlates of non‑native inland fishes in the circum‑Mediterranean region
(Springer, 2026-04-22) Cano‑Barbacil, Carlos; García‑Berthou, Emili; Ribeiro, Filipe; Pedreño, Jesús; Ćaleta, Marko; Oliva Paterna, Francisco José; Zoología y Antropología Física; Facultad de Biología
The circum-Mediterranean region is a global biodiversity hotspot, home to a highly distinctive freshwater fauna with a large proportion of endemic species, many of which are threatened. These ecosystems are increasingly impacted by biological invasions, particularly by non-native fishes. Here, we provide a comprehensive, updated inventory and analysis of non-native fishes recorded in inland waters across all countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea, based on an extensive review of scientific literature, databases and technical reports. A total of 151 non-native fish species were recorded in circum-Mediterranean inland waters, with Italy, Spain, Bosnia and Herzegovina, France and Croatia exhibiting the highest numbers of established species. Certain orders, such as Salmoniformes and Esociformes, were significantly overrepresented among established non-native species, whereas others, including Siluriformes and Characiformes, were underrepresented. Most introductions came from other European countries, Asia and North America, primarily through escapes or intentional releases. Non-native fish species richness showed a strong positive correlation with gross domestic product, precipitation and the number of dams, underscoring the influence of economic development and habitat availability as key drivers of species establishment. We also discuss the implications for regional biodiversity conservation and highlight the need for coordinated transnational strategies.
Open Access
¿Perdidos en el laberinto? Husserl, Ortega y Gaos ante los desafíos de la diversidad cultural
(Universidad de Murcia, 2020) Díaz Álvarez, Jesús M.
Este artículo trata de mostrar la forma en que tres destacados filósofos del siglo XX ––Edmund Husserl, José Ortega y Gasset y José Gaos–– han lidiado con la diversidad cultural. Ligados entre sí por fuertes vínculos intelectuales, los protagonistas del texto plantean tres modos diferentes de acercarse a este crucial y espinoso asunto en donde el papel asignado a la razón resulta de especial relevancia. Husserl confiará plenamente en ella. Ortega, incluso el Ortega más husserliano, abajará considerablemente tales pretensiones. Y Gaos, radicalizando las tesis perspectivistas de su maestro, considerará que es mejor asumir su impotencia. El juego de espejos que el ensayo pretende crear con el cruce de las tres propuestas quiere poner en valor la pertinencia de la filosofía hecha en español en los debates más acuciantes del presente.
Open Access
Primera cita de Hydroporus (Hydroporus)productus fairmaire 1880 (Coleoptera, Dytzsczdae) para Europa
(Murcia: Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 1990) García-Avilés, J.; Soler, A. G.; Facultad de Biología
Más de doscientas estaciones de muestre0 han sido prospectadas a lo largo de 1988 en distintos cuerpos de agua de las islas Baleares. Varios ejemplares de adultos de Hydroporus (H.) productus han sido capturados en las islas de Mallorca y Menorca. Las localidades en que han sido localizados corresponden a pozas y torrentes lentos.
Open Access
Protocol: Survey responses to estimate the association between Covid-19 sources of information, beliefs, and vaccination rates
(2022-09) Moreno-Llamas, Antonio; Devine, Beth; Cruz Sánchez, Ernesto de la; Mendiola Olivares, Jaime; García Mayor, Jesús; Torres Cantero, Alberto Manuel; Actividad Física y Deporte