Browsing by Subject "Estradiol"
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- PublicationOpen AccessAlteraciones morfológicas de la adenohipofisis de ratas Wistar macho tratadas con estradiol y acetato de trenbolona(Murcia: Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 1985) Bernabé Salazar, Antonio; Blanco, A.; Sierra, M.A.; Mozos, E.; Facultad de Veterinaria
- PublicationOpen AccessDaidzein effects on ACTH cells: immunohistomorphometric and hormonal study in an animal model of the andropause(F. Hernández y J.F. Madrid. Murcia: Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología., 2011) Ajdžanović, Vladimir Z.; Šošić-Jurjević, Branka T.; Filipović, Branko R.; Trifunović, Svetlana L.; Milošević, Verica Lj.Daidzein is a potential natural alternative to estradiol during therapy of some malignancies in men. Besides weak inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity, daidzein has a sizeable inhibitory effect on calcium channels. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of daidzein on the immunohistomorphometric features of pituitary adrenocorticotropes (ACTH cells) and circulating levels of ACTH and corticosterone, in comparison with estradiol, in an animal model of the andropause. Sixteen-month-old Wistar rats were divided into sham operated (SO), orchidectomized (Orx), estradiol treated orchidectomized (Orx+E) and daidzein treated orchidectomized (Orx+D) groups. Estradiol (0.625 mg/kg/day) and daidzein (30 mg/kg/day) were administered subcutaneously for three weeks, while the SO and Orx groups received the vehicle alone. ACTH cells were identified by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) immunohistochemical procedure. Peripheral circulating concentrations of ACTH and corticosterone were measured by immunoassay. Orchidectomy reduced (p<0.05) the cell volume and volume density of adrenocorticotropes by 11% and 16%, respectively, in comparison to SO rats. In Orx+E rats, the volume density of ACTH cells decreased (p<0.05) by 25%, but the circulating level of ACTH increased (p<0.05) by 29%, compared to Orx rats. Daidzein treatment significantly decreased (p<0.05): volume density of ACTH cells, circulating ACTH and corticosterone by 24%, 48% and 33%, respectively, compared to the Orx group. In conclusion, this study revealed that daidzein negatively modulated the immunohistomorphometric features of ACTH cells and, unlike estradiol, decreased ACTH and corticosterone secretion, in an animal model of the andropause.
- PublicationOpen AccessEffect of estradiol on the expression of angiogenic factors in epithelial ovarian cancer(Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2017) Valladares, Macarena; Plaza Parrochia, Francisca; Lépez, Macarena; López, Daniela; Gabler, Fernando; Gayan, Patricio; Selman, Alberto; Vega, Margarita; Romero, CarmenIntroduction: Ovarian cancer presents a high angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels) regulated by pro-angiogenic factors, mainly vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nerve growth factor (NGF). An association between endogenous levels of estrogen and increased risk of developing ovarian cancer has been reported. Estrogen action is mediated by the binding to its specific receptors (ERα and ERβ), altered ERα/ERβ ratio may constitute a marker of ovarian carcinogenesis progression. Objective: To determine the effect of estradiol through ERα on the expression of NGF and VEGF in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methodology: Levels of phosphorylated estrogen receptor alpha (pERα) were evaluated in well, moderate and poorly differentiated EOC samples (EOC-I, EOC-II, EOC-III). Additionally, ovarian cancer explants were stimulated with NGF (0, 10 and 100 ng/ml) and ERα, ERβ and pERα levels were detected. Finally, human ovarian surface epithelial (HOSE) and epithelial ovarian cancer (A2780) cell lines were stimulated with estradiol, where NGF and VEGF protein levels were evaluated. Results: In tissues, ERs were detected being pERα levels significantly increased in EOC-III samples compared with EOC-I (p<0.05). Additionally, ovarian explants treated with NGF increased pERα levels meanwhile total ERα and ERβ levels did not change. Cell lines stimulated with estradiol revealed an increase of NGF and VEGF protein levels (p<0.05). Conclusions: Estradiol has a positive effect on pro-angiogenic factors such as NGF and VEGF expression in EOC, probably through the activation of ERα; generating a positive loop induced by NGF increasing pERα levels in epithelial ovarian cells.
- PublicationOpen AccessEstradiol-mediated modulation of memory and of the underlying dendritic spine plasticity through the life span(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2024) González Burgos, Ignacio; Velázquez Zamora, Dulce A.; González Tapia, DavidThe morphophysiology of the nervous system changes and adapts in response to external environmental inputs and the experiences of individuals throughout their lives. Other changes in the organisms internal environment can also contribute to nervous system restructuring in the form of plastic changes that underlie its capacity to adapt to emerging psycho-physiological conditions. These adaptive processes lead to subtle modifications of the organisms internal homeostasis which is closely related with the activity of chemical messengers, such as neurotransmitters and hormones. Hormones reach the brain through the bloodstream, where they activate specific receptors through which certain biochemical, physiological, and morphological changes take place in numerous regions. Fetal development, infancy, puberty, and adulthood are all periods of substantial hormone-mediated brain remodeling in both males and females. Adulthood, specifically, is associated with a broad range of life events, including reproductive cycles in both sexes, and pregnancy and menopause in women. Events of this kind occur concomitantly with eventual modifications in behavioral performance and, especially, in cognitive abilities like learning and memory that underlie, at least in part, plastic changes in the dendritic spines of the neuronal cells in cerebral areas involved in processing cognitive information. Estrogens form a family that consists of three molecules [17β-estradiol (E2), estrone, estriol] which are deeply involved in regulating numerous bodily functions in different stages of the life-cycle, including the modulation of cognitive performance. This review addresses the effects of E2 on the dendritic spine-mediated synaptic organization of cognitive performance throughout the life span.
- PublicationRestrictedEffect of Estradiol and Progesterone on Metabolic Biomarkers in Healthy Bitches(Wiley , 2013) Carrillo Sánchez, J. D.; Tvarijonaviciute, Asta; Cerón Madrigal, José Joaquín; Medicina y Cirugía Animal; Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de VeterinariaEl objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la posible asociación entre los cambios hormonales que ocurren durante el estro y los biomarcadores relacionados con el metabolismo de la glucosa (glucosa e insulina), el metabolismo lipídico (perfil lipídico y BChE) y las adipocinas (adiponectina y grelina) en perras sanas. Con este propósito, se midieron estos analitos en suero de perras en dos momentos: antes (T1) y después (T2) del pico de LH, establecidos según las concentraciones de progesterona. Se observaron niveles aumentados de colesterol total (p < 0,01), colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL-C) (p < 0,01), colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL-C) (p < 0,01), adiponectina (p < 0,01) y grelina (p < 0,05) en T2 en comparación con T1. No se observaron cambios estadísticamente significativos en la glucosa sérica, insulina, modelo de evaluación de la homeostasis para la sensibilidad a la insulina (HOMA), triglicéridos ni en la BChE. Cuando se analizaron conjuntamente los datos de T1 y T2, la adiponectina sérica mostró correlación positiva con la progesterona (r = 0,353; p = 0,022) y con HDL-C (r = 0,307; p = 0,048), y correlación negativa con la insulina (r = -0,429; p = 0,005), con HOMA (r = -0,446; p = 0,003) y con BChE (r = -0,522; p < 0,001). La grelina mostró correlación negativa con el estradiol (r = -0,701; p = 0,004). La BChE se correlacionó negativamente con el estradiol (r = -0,441; p = 0,018) y con la glucosa (r = -0,343; p = 0,028), y positivamente con la insulina (r = 0,460; p = 0,003) y con HOMA (r = 0,505; p < 0,001). En conclusión, tras el pico de LH se producen cambios en los biomarcadores metabólicos en perras, caracterizados por un aumento de los lípidos (colesterol total, colesterol HDL y colesterol LDL) sin cambios en la actividad de BChE, así como un incremento en las concentraciones de adiponectina y grelina, sin cambios significativos en la glucosa ni en la insulina.
- PublicationOpen AccessIn vitro effects of estradiol on pituitary GH-immunoreactive cells(Murcia : F. Hernández, 1997) Carretero, J.; Rubio, M.; Sanchez, F.; Pereña, J.; Estévez, F.I.; Vázquez, G.; Pérez, R.M.; Vazquez, R.In order to determine whether estradiol modulates the proliferation and activity of somatotrophic cells in vitro, a study of GH-immunoreactive cells was carried out in pituitary monolayer cultures obtained from male adult rats treated with ~ o - ~esMtrad iol for 3 hours. Cellular activity was evaluated in a morphometric study of GH-immunoreactive cells. The proliferation rate was determined by double immunostaining for GH and PCNA (proliferating cellular nuclear antigen). The results were compared to those obtained from control dishes. Estradiol was seen to increase the cellular (p<0.05), nuclear (pc0.01) and cytoplasmic areas (pc0.05). Estradiol decreased the percentage of proliferating GH-immunroeactive cells (pc0.05) and the numerical density of somatotrophs (pc0.05) when al1 cells present in the dishes were considered. However, when only GH-immunoreactive cells were considered, estradiol increased the proliferation rate of these cells (pc0.05). Overall, our results suggest that, in vitro, estradiol stimulates the cellular activity and proliferation of GH-immunoreactive cells in the rat.
- PublicationOpen AccessStructure and hormonal output of the adrenal gland after experimental estrogenization of male rats(Universidad de Murcia, Departamento Histología e Histopatología, 2025) Pavle Ćosić; Svetlana Trifunović; Branka Šošić-Jurjević; Marko Miler; Branko Filipović; Milica Manojlović-Stojanoski; Vladimir Ajdžanović; Histología e HistopatologíaOrchidectomy and estrogenization of the male represent a procedure that is applicable in sex reassignment or in prostate cancer therapy. This approach has an influence on the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis and thus affects cardiovascular function and metabolism. We utilized orchidectomized rats to evaluate the effects of estradiol on the structure and hormonal output of the adrenal gland. Adult Wistar rats were divided into sham-operated (SO; n=7), orchidectomized (Orx; n=7), and estradiol-treated orchidectomized (Orx+E; n=7) groups. Estradiol-dipropionate (0.625 mg/kg b.m.) was administered subcutaneously for three weeks, while the SO and Orx groups received vehicle alone. Set objectives were achieved using histochemistry/immunohistochemistry, stereology, and immunoassays. In Orx+E rats, the hormonal milieu was characterized by decreased testosterone and increased ACTH, compared with the Orx group. Also, orchidectomy and estradiol treatment provoked a significant increase in adrenal cortex volume and volume of ZF per se, with increased cell and nuclei volumes in all three adrenocortical zones (ZG, ZF, and ZR), in comparison with Orx rats. Concentrations of aldosterone in blood, as well as corticosterone in blood and adrenal tissue were increased, while circulating DHEA was decreased (with increased immuno-expression of adrenocortical CYP 17 enzyme), all in Orx+E compared with Orx animals. The wide zonal distribution of VEGF and the pronounced blood supply within the ZF of Orx+E animals acted to support the synthesis and secretion of corticosteroids. These results seem cautionary in the context of young male estrogenization, given the negative impact of high mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids on cardiovascular function and metabolism.