Browsing by Subject "Endosulfan"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Changes in blood pesticide levels in booted eagle (Hieraaetus pennatus) associated with agricultural land practices
    (Elsevier, 2009) Martínez-López, Emma; Romero García, Diego; María-Mojica, Pedro; Martínez, José E.; Calvo, José F.; García Fernández, Antonio Juan; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
    We estimated the degree of exposure to lindane and endosulfan in the blood of booted eagle nestlings (Hieraaetus pennatus) (1999–2003), in order to assess the usefulness of these samples as a unit for monitoring changes in exposure as a result of shifts in agricultural practices and the implementation of legal measures. The highest blood lindane concentrations were obtained 1 year prior to its prohibition by the European Union. Subsequent to that year, the drop in blood concentrations was dramatic. Furthermore, endosulfan blood concentrations follow a progression coinciding with an increase in olive, grape and plum-tree crops. We conclude that concentrations of organochlorine pesticides in the blood of booted eagle nestlings may be used to monitor the use of those pesticides over a particular agricultural region and alert the authorities of possible environmental or health risks.
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    Gill alterations as biomarkers of chronic exposure to endosulfan in Bufo bufo tadpoles
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2010) Brunelli, Elvira; Bernabò, Ilaria; Sperone, Emilio; Tripepi, Sandro
    Endosulfan sprayed on agricultural fields accumulates in temporary pools due to surface runoff or sediment transport and may result in high water concentrations in spring and summer, coinciding with breeding and crucial stages of amphibian larval development. In the present study, Bufo bufo tadpoles were exposed to three different concentrations of endosulfan (0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/L) until they reached complete metamorphosis. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of endosulfan, at environmentally relevant concentrations on gill morphology and ultrastructure. Modifications in ultrastructure and cell composition were observed at all concentrations after 96 h. The main gill effects recorded in treated animals were: mucous secretion, the appearance of tubular vesicles cells (TVC) and a degeneration phenomenon. Comparing these results with our previous findings in which we used growth, developmental rate and behaviour as endpoints, we also demonstrated that the first effect of endosulfan on Bufo bufo was gill alteration, thus supporting the role of a morphological approach in toxicological studies. This study provides additional information on the role of morphological studies in demonstrating the effects of exposure to environmental pollutants. In this context, the use of amphibian gills, as effective biomarkers, is a valuable approach in evaluating exposure to agrochemicals.
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    Ultrastructural evaluation of the effect of endosulfan on mice kidney
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2003) Çaglar, Y.; Kaya, M.; Belge, E.; Mete, U.O.
    In this study, the effect of the endosulfan on mice kidney was investigated at ultrastructural level. Moreover, biochemical analyses (G6PD, CAT, SOD, GSH and MDA) were determined in supernatant of kidney tissue. Endosulfan (13mg/kg/day body weight) was administered orally to mices via intragastric-during 10 days. The presence of mitochondrial degeneration in cytoplasm of proximal convoluted tubule cells were a striking feature. Furthermore, there was lipofuscin granules and membranous structures in some of proximal convoluted tubule cells. In some glomeruli, ultrastructural changes such as fusion in pedicels and focal thickening at glomerular basal membrane were seen. There were cytoplasmic bulges in some distal convoluted tubule cells. The biochemical results of the experimental group were significant when compared to the control. The effect of the endosulfan was mainly on the proximal convoluted tubule cells. Morever, the other parts of the nephron were effected. Thus, this degeneration in kidney may be thought that oxidative stress may play a role to the mediator in changing configuration of cell membrane and seem to account for the morphologic alteration of kidney.