Browsing by Subject "EGUS"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Automated Spectrophotometric Assays for the Measurement of Ammonia and Bicarbonate in Saliva of Horses: Analytical Validation and Changes in Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (EGUS)
    (MDPI, 2024-02-28) Muñoz-Prieto, Alberto; Llamas-Amor, Eva; Contreras-Aguilar, María Dolores; Ayala de la Peña, Ignacio; Martín Cuervo, María; Cerón, José Joaquín; Hansen, Sanni; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
    Ammonia (NH3) and bicarbonate (HCO3) have been related to gastric ulcers in humans. Ammonia is considered a possible cause of gastric ulcers, whereas bicarbonate has a protective function. The presence of ulcers in the stomach of horses is defined as Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (EGUS), which is a frequent disease in this species, and it has been associated with changes in saliva composition, such as in analytes related to inflammation, immune system and oxidative stress. The objectives of this study were (1) to perform an analytical validation of two automated spectrophotometric assays, one for ammonia and one for bicarbonate, in the horses’ saliva and (2) to evaluate their possible variations with EGUS. Analytical validation of the automated assays for ammonia and bicarbonate in the saliva of horses showed that both assays were precise and accurate. In addition, significantly higher values of ammonia and lower values of bicarbonate were found in the saliva of horses with EGUS compared to healthy horses. It can be concluded that ammonia and bicarbonate can be measured in the saliva of horses and that ammonia increases and bicarbonate decreases in this sample type could be related to the presence of EGUS in this species.
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    Changes in Calprotectin (S100A8-A9) and Aldolase in the Saliva of Horses with Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome
    (MDPI, ) Muñoz-Prieto, Alberto; Contreras-Aguilar, María Dolores; Cerón, José Joaquín; Ayala de la Peña, Ignacio; Martín-Cuervo, María; David Eckersall, Peter; Holm Henriksen, Ida-Marie; Tecles, Fernando; Hansen, Sanni; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
    Equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) is a highly prevalent disease that affects horses worldwide. Within EGUS, two different forms have been described: equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) and equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD). The associated clinical signs cause detrimental activity performance, reducing the quality of life of animals. Saliva can contain biomarkers for EGUS that could be potentially used as a complementary tool for diagnosis. The objective of this work was to evaluate the measurements of calprotectin (CALP) and aldolase in the saliva of horses as potential biomarkers of EGUS. For this purpose, automated assays for the quantification of these two proteins were analytically validated and applied for detecting EGUS in a total of 131 horses divided into 5 groups: healthy horses, ESGD, EGGD, combined ESGD and EGGD, and horses with other intestinal pathologies. The assays showed good precision and accuracy in analytical validation, and they were able to discriminate between horses with EGUS and healthy horses, especially in the case of CALP, although they did not show significant differences between horses with EGUS and horses with other diseases. In conclusion, salivary CALP and aldolase can be determined in the saliva of horses and further studies are warranted to elucidate the potential of these analytes as biomarkers in EGUS.
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    Changes in Oxidative Status Biomarkers in Saliva and Serum inthe Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome and Colic of IntestinalAetiology: A Pilot Study
    (MDPI, 2022-03-07) Contreras-Aguilar, María Dolores; Peres Rubio, Camila; González-Arostegui, Luis Guillermo; Martín-Cuervo, María; Cerón, Jose J.; Ayala de la Peña, Ignacio; Holm Henriksen, Ida-Marie; Jacobsen, Stine; Hansen, Sanni; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
    Changes in the oxidative status of the blood of horses suffering from gastric ulcers and colicof intestinal aetiology (CIE) have been reported. However, saliva can also be a source of biomarkersof oxidative status. Therefore, this study aims to validate automated assays for the measurement ofoxidative status biomarkers (ferric reducing ability of saliva/serum—FRAS/FRAP, cupric reducingantioxidant capacity—CUPRAC, the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity—TEAC, uric acid, andadvanced oxidation protein products—AOPP) in the saliva and serum of horses, to assess theirchanges in the different ulcer gastric diseases (squamous—ESGD and glandular—EGGD) and CIE,and to evaluate their relationship with serum amyloid A (SAA), adenosine deaminase (ADA), andthe systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) status. The assays showed a low imprecisionand good linearity with enough sensitivity in both fluids. In EGGD, higher levels of FRAS, uric acid,and AOPP in saliva were observed compared to the healthy group, correlating with the salivaryADA levels. Horses with CIE showed increases in uric acid concentrations in serum associated with heir SIRS status and outcome of the disease. In conclusion, analytes related to the oxidative statuscan be measured in the saliva and serum from horses by automated assays, and some of them canpotentially be assessed as biomarkers in horses with gastric ulcers and CIE
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    Changes in Proteins in Saliva and Serum in Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome Using a Proteomic Approach
    (MDPI, 2022-05-02) Muñoz-Prieto, Alberto; Contreras-Aguilar, Maria Dolores; Cerón, Jose Joaquín; Ayala de la Peña, Ignacio; Martin-Cuervo, María; González-Sánchez, Juan Carlos; Jacobsen, Stine; Kuleš, Josipa; Beletić, Anđelo; Rubić, Ivana; Mrljak, Vladimir; Tecles, Fernando; Hansen, Sanni; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
    Changes in the salivary proteome in 12 horses with the two diseases included in equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS), equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD) (n = 6) and equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) (n = 6), were evaluated using a high-resolution LC-MS/MS analysis of TMT-labelled peptides and compared to 10 healthy control horses. Serum was also analysed for comparative purposes. The comparison between the horses with EGGD and controls showed significant changes in 10 salivary proteins, whereas 36 salivary proteins were differently abundant between ESGD and control groups. The most upregulated proteins in the case of EGGD were relatedto immune activation whereas, in horses with ESGD, the most significantly changed proteins were associated with squamous cell regulation and growth. Compared to serum, saliva showed a higher number of proteins with significant changes and a different pattern of changes. The proteins identified in our study, in addition to providing new information about the pathophysiological mechanisms in these diseases, could have the potential to be novel biomarkers for the diagnosis or monitoring of EGGD and ESGD.
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    Changes in the saliva proteome analysed by gel-proteomics in horses diagnosed with Equine gastric ulcer Syndrome (EGUS) at diagnosis and after successful treatment
    (Elsevier, 2024-02) Lamy, Elsa; López-Martínez, Maria José; Ceron, Jose Joaquín; Ayala de la Peña, Ignacio; Contreras-Aguilar, María Dolores; Henriksen, Ida-Marie; Muñoz-Prieto, Alberto; Hansen, Sanni; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
    Equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) has a high prevalence, being currently one of the more frequent diseases in horses. Saliva is a source of biomarkers that change in EGUS and can potentially be used for treatment monitoring. We aimed to identify changes in the salivary proteome by using gel proteomics in horses with EGUS and also the possible changes that could occur after successful treatment for this disease. Saliva samples were collected from 9 horses with EGUS before and after treatment and 9 matched healthy con-trols. SDS-PAGE (1DE) and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) were performed in these samples, and significantly different protein bands and spots were identified by mass spectrometry. In 1DE, increases in bands containing containing family A member 2 and immunoglobulin-heavy constant mu) and decreased in bands containing prolac-tin-inducible protein and Ribosomal proteinS9 were observed in EGUS horses compared to healthy ones. In addition decreases in bands containing Major allergen Equ c 1, Gluta-thione transferase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating decreased in EGUS after successful treatment compared to pre-treatment were observed in EGUS horses after treatment. For the 2DE analysis, sets of saliva samples were organized into (a) three pools from a cohort of nine horses afflicted with EGUS before undergoing treatment, (b) another three pools were constituted from the same horses with EGUS after the treatment and (c) three pools from 9 healthy horses. Thioredoxin (TRX), a protein showing signifi-cant changes at 2DE before and after EGUS treatment, was validated by an ELISA kit in 12 horses with EGUS before and after treatment. Results of 2DE showed the hoses with EGUS have changes in saliva proteins compared to healthy horses, with increases in ADA, tri-osephosphate isomerase, keratins and immunoglobulin heavy constant mu and decreases in CA and albumin. These changes would indicate various physiopathological mecha-nisms such as the activation of the immune system, decrease in the stomach defence mechanisms and inflammation involved in this disease. In addition, the successfully treated horses presented lower expression levels of TRX after a successful treatment in proteomics and also measured with a commercially available ELISA kit. Overall, horses with EGUS have protein changes in their saliva when measured with gel proteomics compared with healthy horses, and they also showed changes after successful treatment. These proteins could be potential biomarkers for detection and monitoring treatment re-sponse in EGUS.
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    Measurement of Trace Elements (Zinc, Copper, Magnesium, and Iron) in the Saliva of Horses: Validation Data and Changes in Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (EGUS)
    (MDPI, 2024-06-07) Muñoz-Prieto, Alberto; Cerón, José Joaquín; Tecles, Fernando; Cuervo, María Martín; Contreras-Aguilar, Maria Dolores; Ayala de la Peña, Ignacio; Oudada-Guillén, Adrián; Pardo-Marín, Luis; Hansen, Sanni; Medicina y Cirugía Animal
    The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible use of spectrophotometric assays for the measurement of trace elements, including Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe) in the saliva of horses and study their possible changes in equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). EGUS is a highly prevalent disease, with a current high incidence due to the increase in intensive management conditions. There are two EGUS diseases: equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) and equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD), which can appear individually or together. For this purpose, automated spectrophotometric assays for measuring these analytes in horse saliva were analytically validated. Then, these analytes were measured in the saliva of horses with only ESGD, only EGGD, both ESGD and EGGD and a group of healthy horses. The methods used to measure the analytes were precise and accurate. Horses diagnosed with EGGD presented significantly lower levels of Zn and Mg. Fe concentrations were significantly lower in the saliva of horses with ESGD and EGGD. Overall, these results indicate that there are changes in trace elements in saliva in EGUS that could reflect the physiopathological mechanisms involved in this process and open the possibility of using trace elements as biomarkers of this syndrome.