Browsing by Subject "Dental bleaching"

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    Biological action of bleaching agents on tooth structure: A review
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2024) Bragança Aragão, Walessa Alana; Santos Chemelo, Victória; de Melo Alencar, Cristiane; Martins Silva, Cecy; Pessanha, Sofia; Reis, Alessandra; de Souza Rodrigues, Renata Duarte; Rodrigues Lima, Rafael
    The use of bleaching agents to remove stains is one of the main dental procedures to improve the aesthetics of teeth. This review presents the main agents used for tooth whitening, existing clinical protocols, and the structural changes that may occur through their use. The main bleaching agents consist of hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide, which are used in bleaching techniques for vital teeth. These techniques can be performed in the office by a professional or by the individual in a home environment under professional guidance. Bleaching agents come in a variety of concentrations and there are over-the-counter products available on the market with lower concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. Due to the chemical characteristics of the agents, changes in the organic and inorganic content of the tooth structure can be observed. These changes are related to morphological changes characterized by increased permeability and surface roughness, such changes compromise the mechanical resistance of the tooth. Furthermore, bleaching agents can promote molecular changes after reaching the dental pulp, resulting in oxidative stress of pulp cells and the release of proinflammatory mediators. Despite the bleaching effectiveness, tooth sensitivity is considered the main side effect of use. Therefore, among the heterogeneity of protocols, those that used the bleaching agent for a prolonged time and in lower concentrations presented more harmful effects on the tooth structure.
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    Effect of highly concentrated bleaching gels on enamel microhardness and superficial morphology, and the recovery action of four remineralizing agents
    (BioMed Central, 2022-12-27) Melo, María; Fioresta, Rosella; Sanz, José Luis; Pecci Lloret, María Pilar; Llena, Carmen; Dermatología, Estomatología, Radiología y Medicina Física
    Abstract Background: Dental bleaching is a common clinical practice. The aim of this study is to investigate the efect of 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) bleaching gel on the morphology and microhardness of enamel, and to analyze the efect of four remineralizing agents. Methods: One hundred blocks were prepared. The enamel surfaces were bleached with 35% HP in one session. The specimens were divided into four remineralization treatment groups (n=25). G1: Tooth Mousse, G2: Remin-Pro, G3: Colgate Pro-Relif, G4: Mirafuor. The remineralizing protocol was applied 3 min per day for one week. Vickers micro‑ hardness (HV) measurements and SEM observations were performed at baseline, after bleaching, and after remineral‑ izing treatment in all groups. Statistical analyses were performed using the paired t-test and ANOVA. Results: After bleaching, SEM showed an increase of irregularities on the surface of the samples. Enamel microhard‑ ness decreased a mean of 47.7 HV, equivalent to a mean decrease of 18.3% (p<0.05). After remineralization, the HV increased in all groups between 16 and 33% (p<0.01), recovering the initial microhardness of enamel samples. SEM images revealed a higher quantity of superfcial mineral deposits in groups 1 and 2 compared to the rest of the groups. Conclusions: The application of remineralizing products generates a signifcant increase in enamel microhardness. Tooth Mousse-treated samples showed a greater microhardness recovery, followed by Remin Pro. The superfcial morphology of the samples refects the results obtained in the HV tests. Keywords: Enamel microhardness, Enamel morphology, Remineralization, Hydrogen peroxide, Dental bleaching