Browsing by Subject "Dendritic cell"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Autophagy and the regulation of the immune response
    (2012-12) Macián, Fernando; Valdor Alonso, Rut; Bioquímica y Biología Molecular B e Inmunología
    Autophagy is a highly conserved mechanism of lysosomal-mediated protein degradation that plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by recycling amino acids, reducing the amount of damaged proteins and regulating protein levels in response to extracellular signals. In the last few years specific functions for different forms of autophagy have been identified in many tissues and organs. In the Immune System, autophagy functions range from the elimination infectious agents and the modulation of the inflammatory response, to the selection of antigens for presentation and the regulation of T cell homeostasis and activation. Here, we review the recent advances that have allowed us to better understand why autophagy is a crucial process in the regulation of the innate and adaptive immune responses.
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    Dendritic cells and interleukin-2,cytochemical and ultrastructural study
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2000) Civallero, M.; Barni, Sergio; Nano, R.; Capelli, E.
    The aim of the present study was to verify the effect of IL-2 on dendritic cell (DC) differentiation. Various cytokines have been indicated as factors inducing DC differentiation, but no data about the interleukin-2 (IL-2) effect on DC differentiation have been reported. Monocytes isolated from peripheral blood were treated in vitro with the following factors: IL-2, IL- 4, GM-CSF and G-CSF alone or in combination. Morphological (also ultrastructural) and cytochemical observations were carried out starting from 3 to 21 days of treatment. The results indicate that the differentiation of cells showing dendritic pattern is related to the presence of IL-2. Moreover a synergic effect of IL-2 and GM-CSF was observed. The enzymatic features changed with the culture time: before the differentiation into DC, the stimulated cells expressed the typical pattern of monocytes. On the contrary, at advanced stage of differentiation, some enzyme activities changed and in terminally differentiated dendritic cells the reactions for peroxidase and serine esterase were negative. Considering the morphological features, the ability to interact with lymphocytes and the enzymatic pattern observed, we suppose that IL-2 may act as a maturative factor rather than as a growth factor in the DC differentiation.
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    Diagnostic utility of CD205 in breast cancer: Simultaneous detection of myoepithelial cells and dendritic cells in breast tissue by CD205
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Ohe, Rintaro; Aung, Naing Ye; Tamura, Yuka; Kabasawa, Takanobu; Utsunomiya, Aya; Tamazawa, Nobuyuki; Kitaoka, Takumi; Meng, Hong-Xue; Shibata, Kenichi; Yamakawa, Mitsunori
    Background. CD205 can be used to detect myoepithelial cells (MECs) and dendritic cells (DCs) in breast tissue. However, the usefulness of CD205 immunostaining in the pathological diagnosis of breast tumors is not fully understood. The objective of this study was to re-evaluate CD205 co-expression with other MEC markers, such as p63 and CD10, in nonneoplastic and neoplastic breast tissue and to evaluate its pathological diagnostic utility in these types of breast cancer. Material and methods. Nonneoplastic breast tissue samples with a terminal duct lobular unit and duct were obtained from fibroadenoma and mastopathy patients. Neoplastic breast tissue samples included ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) (n=43) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) (n=60), including the tubule-forming type (n=20). These specimens were investigated by CD205, p63, and CD10 immunostaining. Results. In addition to p63 and CD10, CD205 was expressed on MECs in nonneoplastic breast and DCIS tissue samples; CD205 was simultaneously detected on DCs that had infiltrated DCIS and IDC tumor nests. CD205 was expressed on cancer cells themselves in only 7.3% of the breast cancer samples. The number of intratumoral CD205 + DCs in tubular IDC was significantly higher than that in DCIS (P<0.01)
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    Immune based therapies in cancer
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2007) Krüger, C.; Greten, T.F.; Korangy, F.
    Immunotherapy of cancer has become a more promising approach in the past decade. Developments in both basic immunology and tumor biology have increased our knowledge of the interactions between the tumor cells and the immune system. The molecular identification of tumor-associated antigens and understanding of immunological pathways have cleared the way for development of different strategies for anti-tumor vaccines. The success of any cancer vaccine relies on the induction of an effective tumor-specific immune response to break tolerance and to elicit a long lasting anti-tumor immunity. It is also increasingly clear that the interactions of host-tumor are quite complicated leading to tumor escape mechanisms, which add another level of difficulty to this interaction. This review will summarize the recent developments in tumor immunotherapy as well as the clinical trials addressing novel immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer.
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    In vitro antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell response against esophageal carcinoma cells induced by HPV18E7-transfected dendritic cells
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2010) Wu, Lin; Yang, Wei; Chen, Lin-Xin; Chen, Shen-Ren; Zhang, Jin-Kun
    Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-associatedesophageal carcinoma (EC) is a high incidence tumorworldwide. Dendritic cell (DC)-based tumor vaccine isconsidered an alternative therapy to treat EC. Here wedeveloped a DC-based vaccine by transfecting cordblood CD34+stem cell-derived DC with HPV18E7gene, observed its biological characteristics and theantigen-specific T-cell cytotoxicity on EC cells inducedby HPV18E7-DC in vitro. Our results showed that 1)HPV18E7 gene transfer did not change the typicalmorphology of mature DC, 2) the representativephenotypes of mature DC (CD80, CD86, and CD83)were highly expressed in HPV18E7- DC (81.6%, 80.5%,and 86.6%, respectively), 3) the expression level of18E7 protein in HPV18E7-DC was 47.5%, and 4) thespecific cytotoxicity against EC cells was significantlyhigher than that in controls (p<0.01). This studyindicates the possibility of a DC-based immunotherapyin HPV-associated EC.
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    Innervation and nerve-immune cell contacts in mouse Peyer's patches
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2020) Al Shalan, Huda A.M.; Hu, Dailun; Greene, Wayne K.; Ma, Bin
    Neural regulation of the function of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) relies on a delicate balance of the two divisions of its nervous system, namely, the intrinsic and extrinsic divisions. The intrinsic innervation is provided by the enteric nervous system (ENS), whereas the extrinsic innervation includes sympathetic/parasympathetic nerve fibers and extrinsic sensory nerve fibers. In the present study, we used immunofluorescent staining of neurofilament-heavy (NF-H) to reveal the distribution of nerve fibers and their associations with immune cells inside mouse Peyer’s patches (PP), an essential part of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). Our results demonstrate (1) the presence of an extensive meshwork of NF-H- immunoreactive presumptive nerve fibers in all PP compartments including the lymphoid nodules, interfollicular region, follicle-associated epithelium, and subepithelial dome; (2) close associations/contacts of nerve fibers with blood vessels including high endothelial venules, indicating neural control of blood flow and immune cell dynamics inside the PP; (3) close contacts between nerve fibers/endings and B/T cells and various subsets of dendritic cells (e.g., B220 - , B220 + , CD4 - , CD4 + , CD8 - , and CD8 + ). Our novel findings concerning PP innervation and nerve-immune cell contacts in situ should facilitate our understanding of bi- directional communications between the PNS and GALT. Since the innervation of the gut, including PP, might be important in the pathogenesis and progression of some neurological, infectious, and autoimmune diseases, e.g., prion diseases and inflammatory bowel disease, better knowledge of PNS-immune system interactions in the GALT (including PP) should benefit the development of potential treatments for these diseases via neuroimmune manipulations.