Browsing by Subject "DNA repair"

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    DNA repair systems in rhabdomyosarcoma
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2013) Tsioli, Panagiota G.; Patsouris, Efstratios S.; Giaginis, Constantinos; Theocharis, Stamatios E.
    Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) represents the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children and adolescent population. There are two major histological subtypes, embryonal (ERMS) and alveolar (ARMS), differing in cytogenetic and morphological features. RMS pathogenesis remains controversial and several cellular mechanisms and pathways have been implicated. Application of intense chemo- and radiotherapy improves survival rates for RMS patients, but significant efficacy has not been proved as DNA damage induced-resistance frequently occurs. The present review is aimed at summarizing the current evidence on DNA repair systems, implications in RMS development, focusing on gene expression alterations and point mutations of genes encoding for DNA repair enzymes. Understanding of DNA repair systems involvement in RMS pathogenesis could diversify RMS patients and provide novel individualized therapeutic targets.
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    Invited Review :(6-4) Photolyase: Light-dependent repair of DNA damage
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 1998) Zhao, X.; Mu, D.
    DNA photolyase represents a phenomenal class of DNA repair enzymes in that it harvests the light energy to repair DNA lesions caused by ultraviolet light. Mother Nature evolves two types of photolyases, one specific for repairing cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and the other for pyrimidine-(6-4)-pyrimidone photoproducts. Together, these two kinds of DNA photolesions account for the majority of ultraviolet lightinduced DNA lesions. So far, the basic chemical steps of the enzyme mechanism of the two classes of photolyases appear to be very similar. Therefore, it will be very intersting to uncover the determinants of the different substrate specificity between the two photolyases. In this review, we focus on the discussion of the photolyase specific for repairing pyrimidine-(6-4)-pyrimidone photoproducts mainly because the research of the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer photolyase has recently been reviewed quite extensively.