Browsing by Subject "Confinement"

Now showing 1 - 11 of 11
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    A política nas entrelinhas : a traição, o exílio e o confinamento no Ordo Querimoniae, 17-23 de Valério do Bierzo
    (Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Frighetto, Renan
    O retorno da história política e institucional aos debates historiográficos trouxe uma série de benefícios ao conhecimento histórico. De fato, o estudo das relações de poder que envolve, também, as conexões entre os grupos sociais num determinado espaço geopolítico somente encontram sentido quando oferecemos uma abordagem onde o político e o institucional aparecem de forma efetiva. Centrando a nossa análise sobre o reino hispano-visigodo de Toledo dos séculos VI e VII observaremos que as forças dos grupos aristocráticos e do regionalismo surgiam como contraponto ao poder régio ocasionando, assim, atos de rebeldia entendidos como traição aos pactos e juramentos realizados. O exílio e o confinamento surgiam como resultado da aplicação da justiça régia que pretendia coibir aquelas ações consideradas como ilegítimas. Dos exemplos indicados pela documentação hispano-visigoda, destacamos o que foi descrito por Valério do Bierzo, visto que consideramos que seus escritos são reveladores de tais ações.
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    Actividad física de los estudiantes antes y durante el confinamiento COVID-19 en España
    (Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Gámez Payá, Javier; Vegara Ferri, José Miguel; Angosto Sánchez, Salvador; Carboneros Castro, María; López Gullón, José María
    The closure of educational centers was one of the first measures against COVID-19, preventing physical education in classrooms. The aim of this study is to analyze the physical activity practice of adolescent students before and during the COVID-19 lockdown period in Spain. A total of 4508 high school students with a mean age of 15.8 years (±1.1 years) completed the IPAQ Questionnaire short version. The results show how students significantly decreased the duration and frequency of physical activity during confinement. The expenditure in MET-minutes/week has decreased by 46.8%, highlighting the low intensity activity "walking" which has decreased by 91.1% between both periods. The percentage of students performing a low level of physical activity has increased from 24.1% before confinement to 41.3% during this period. However, 36% of the students performing a low level of physical activity before quarantine have gone on to perform a medium or high level of physical activity during quarantine. These results help to understand and analyze the behavior of adolescent students during the lockdown period.
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    Actividad física y estados emocionales en universitarios durante el confinamiento por COVID-19
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de publicaciones, 2023) Campos Gil, Abdiel Florentino
    El confinamiento social debido al brote por COVID-19 pudo haber alteradolos estados emocionales delas personas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las diferencias en los estados emocionales (EE) positivos y negativos de acuerdo con las diferentes formas de involucrarse en la actividad física (AF), con la cantidad de horas dedicadas a dicha actividad durante el confinamiento por COVID-19 y con el sexo de los participantes. Se envió a los participantes, 360 universitarios (126 hombres y 234 mujeres), una versión en línea de la Escala de Afectos Positivos y Negativos (PANAS) y un cuestionario diseñado ex profesopara indagar cómo éstos se involucraban en la AF. Mediante un análisis de varianza no paramétrico se evaluaron las diferencias entre los EE positivos y negativos en función de la AF realizada, las horas de AF y el sexo de los participantes. Engeneral, se encontró: un mayor nivel de EE positivos en quienes realizaban AF antes y durante el confinamiento en comparación con quienes no realizaban AF, con un tamaño del efecto mediano (g=0.768); mayores EE positivos en quienes realizaban más de ocho horas por semana de AF en comparación con quienes realizaban de cuatro a seis horas, con un tamaño del efecto grande (g=0.926); y mayores EE positivos en los hombres, con un tamaño del efecto mediano (g=0.402). La práctica constante de AF parece benéficaen el afrontamiento de situaciones aversivas como el confinamiento;así,resultaría relevante diseñar programas que permitan a la población realizar AF de manera regular
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    Dinámicas y categorías de poder en la caída del reino suevo. Reyes y tiranos en la Gallaecia del s. VI d. C.
    (Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2023) Castillo Lozano, José Ángel
    En este artículo que ofrecemos tenemos el objetivo de poner en valor la última etapa de vida del reino suevo de Gallaecia. En ella, estudiaremos las dinámicas propias del poder de la monarquía sueva que sufría un proceso de fragmentación del poder central por culpa del auge de una serie de poderes secundarios. Por dicho motivo, analizaremos la figura del rey suevo en estos momentos al igual que las revueltas de Malarico y Audeca que, en cierta medida, puede que fueran los últimos intentos por parte de familias aristocráticas suevas por mantener su independencia respecto al reino visigodo de Toledo.
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    Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on nutritional, functional and frailty biomarkers of people living in nursing homes. a prospective study
    (SAGE Publications, 2023-05-15) Oliveira, Adriana C. De Souza; Gómez Martínez, Carmelo; López Mongil, Rosa; Moreno Molina, Jorge; Hernández Morante, Juan José; Echevarría Pérez, Paloma; Gómez Gallego, María; Atención Sociosanitaria
    Abstract Background: Nursing home residences suffered a lockdown from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study prospectively evaluates the frailty, functional, and nutritional statuses of nursing home residents. Methods: Three hundred and one residents from three nursing homes took part in the study. Frailty status was measured using the FRAIL scale. Functional status was evaluated using the Barthel Index. Additionally, Short Physical Performance Batter (SPPB), SARC-F, hand grip strength, and gait speed were also evaluated. Nutritional status was determined using the mini nutritional assessment test (MNA) and several anthropometrical and biochemical markers. Results: Mini Nutritional Assessment test scores decreased in 20% throughout the confinement (p < .001). Barthel index, SPPB and SARC-F scores also decreased, although to a lesser extent, reflecting a decrease in functional capacity. However, both anthropometric parameters, hand grip strength and gait speed, remained stable throughout confinement (p > .050 in all cases). Morning cortisol secretion significantly decreased by 40% from baseline to post-confinement. A significant reduction in daily cortisol variability was observed, which may suggest increased distress. Fifty-six residents died during the period of confinement (81.4% survival rate). Sex, FRAIL and Barthel Index scores were significant predictors of resident survival. Conclusion: After the first COVID-19 blockade, several alterations in residents’ frailty markers were observed, which were small and potentially reversible. However, many of the residents were pre-frail after the lockdown. This fact highlights the need for preventive strategies to reduce the impact of future social and physical stressors on these vulnerable individuals.
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    Enfermement, déshumanisation et folie dans Les emmurés de Serge Brussolo et Mille soleils splendides de Khaled Hosseini.
    (Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones., 2025) Boudiab, Adil; Outhman, Boutisane; Sin departamento asociado
    El encierro físico es una de las experiencias más representadas en la literatura. Muchos autores han explorado esta temática para destacar su impacto en la psique humana y la experiencia de estar atrapado entre cuatro paredes, privado de toda forma de libertad. En las obras de Serge Brussolo y Khaled Hosseini, la temática del encierro es particularmente recurrente. Aunque estos dos escritores pertenecen a esferas literarias diferentes, exploran con frecuencia en sus escritos las dimensiones psicológicas y existenciales del encierro. Este estudio tiene como objetivo demostrar, a través del análisis de Les Emmurés de Brussolo y Mille soleils splendides de Hosseini, que el encierro físico, para ambos autores, es sinónimo de deshumanización y puede tener efectos perjudiciales en la psique de los individuos, pudiendo incluso llevar a trastornos mentales, incluida la locura.
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    Health-Related Behaviors Among School-Aged Children and Adolescents During the Spanish Covid-19 Confinement
    (Frontiers Media, 2020-09-11) López Sánchez, Guillermo Felipe; López-Bueno, Rubén; Casajús, José A.; Calatayud, Joaquín; Gil-Salmerón, Alejandro; Grabovac, Igor; Tully, Mark A.; Smith, Lee; Ciencias Sociosanitarias
    In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) world pandemic, affected countries such as Spain enacted measures comprising compulsory confinement as well as restrictions regarding free movement. Such measures likely influence children's and adolescents' lifestyles. Our study aimed to investigate the impact that the Covid-19 confinement has on health-related behaviors (HRBs) among Spanish children and adolescents. An online survey was administered to 516 parents to collect data about 860 children and adolescents (49.2% girls) aged between 3 and 16 years in relation to physical activity, screen exposure, sleep time, and fruit and vegetable consumption during the Covid-19 confinement. Respectively, t-paired test and t-test between groups served to check differences between HRBs levels before and during the confinement as well as between strict and relaxed confinement. Significant differences were found for a reduction of weekly minutes of physical activity during the confinement (−102.5, SD 159.6) (p < 0.001), an increase of daily hours of screen exposure (2.9, SD 2.1) (p < 0.001), and a reduction of daily fruit and vegetable consumption (−0.2, SD 1.6) (p < 0.001). Sleep time showed a significant difference between strict and relaxed confinement (−0.3, SD 0.1) (p < 0.05), whereas binomial logistic regression adjusted for covariates (age, sex, education of the parents, siblings, current condition, exposure to Covid-19, and previous health risk behavior) showed significantly lower odds for screen exposure risk behavior with relaxed confinement (OR 0.60, 95%CI 0.40–0.91). The present study suggests that Covid-19 confinement reduced physical activity levels, increased both screen exposure and sleep time, and reduced fruit and vegetable consumption. Therefore, most HRBs worsened among this sample of Spanish children and adolescents. Closure of schools, online education, and the lack of policies addressing the conciliation between labor and family life could have played an important role in HRBs worsening among pupils, which might be mitigated with adequate conciliation policies, parental guidance, and community support.
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    Une Histoire de l’hystérie ou une Histoire de l’enfermement des femmes à la Salpêtrière dans Le bal des folles de Victoria Mas.
    (Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones., 2025) Hamouche, Noura; Sin departamento asociado
    Le bal des folles es la primera novela de Victoria Mas. Publicada por Albin Michel en 2019, ganó el premio Prix Renaudot des lycéens ese mismo año. Ambientada en 1885 en el Hospital de la Salpêtrière, la autora retrocede en el tiempo para contar la historia de un hospital que ha servido para muchas cosas desde el siglo XVII. De Hospital General, donde se encerraba a todos los "desviados" bajo una reglamentación restrictiva y confusa bajo el Rey Sol, pasó a ser, al menos visiblemente, un lugar para locos en el siglo XVIII, con el nacimiento de la psiquiatría. En el siglo XIX, el gran Charcot llegó a la Salpêtrière para tratar a los locos, a los histéricos, con nuevas terapias como la hipnosis. Detrás de la apariencia de progreso médico y de una visible preocupación médica por las mujeres y su sufrimiento, la Salpetrière era un lugar donde las mujeres estaban restringidas y excluidas. Este artículo intenta comprender la interacción entre la historia de la Salpetrière y los experimentos de Charcot sobre las histéricas, llevados a cabo por V. Mas, en relación con su compromiso con las mujeres y el feminismo.
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    Impact of COVID-19 on athletes' mental health: A systematic review
    (Servicio de Publicaciones. Universidad de Murcia, 2025) Antón Rodríguez, Belén; Garcés de los Fayos Ruiz, Enrique J.; Ortín Montero, Francisco José; Sin departamento asociado
    Se ha realizado una revisión sistemática centrándonos concretamente en el impacto psicológico de la pandemia causada por Covid-19 a deportistas profesionales, con relación a los tres síndromes más frecuentes en la población: Estrés, depresión y ansiedad. Tras la búsqueda sistemática se incluyeron 15 artículos, realizados en el periodo de pandemia. Tanto de deportes individuales como colectivos; hombres y mujeres; así como de 10 países distintos de Europa y Asia. Las mujeres presentaban respuestas más altas de estrés, ansiedad y depresión. También que los deportistas veteranos tenían menos síntomas que los novatos, posiblemente asociado a un correcto uso de las estrategias de afrontamiento. Por ello se ofrecieron posibles soluciones y recomendaciones para tener en cuenta a modo de conclusiones, como crear protocolos de bienestar o trabajar dichas estrategias. Tener en cuenta los aspectos en relación con el futuro de este estudio permite considerar la afectación que el Covid-19 ha podido tener en los deportistas de cara a un rendimiento posterior y la necesidad de adaptar, trabajar, así como mejorar los aspectos que se hayan presentado en este tiempo como una limitación.
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    Personality, Coping Strategies, and Mental Health in High-Performance Athletes During Confinement Derived From the COVID-19 Pandemic
    (Frontiers Media, 2021-01-08) Leguizamo, Federico; Olmedilla Zafra, Aurelio; Nuñez, Antonio; Ponseti Verdaguer, Francisco Javier; Gómez Espejo, Verónica; Ruiz Barquín, Roberto; García Mas, Alexandre; Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos; Department of Evolutive and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; GICAFE (Research Group of Sports Sciences), University of the Balearic Islands, Mallorca, Spain
    The COVID-19 outbreak has affected the sports field unprecedentedly. The emergency alert has deprived athletes of training in a suitable environment, as they are faced with cancellations of relevant events in their sports careers. This situation can cause stress levels and other emotional disorders similar to those experienced by athletes during periods of injury. Since the relationship between psychological factors and sports injuries is well-studied, the Global Psychological Model of Sports Injury (MGPLD) is applied to this historical situation for athletes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships between perfectionism and trait anxiety with indicators of mental health (mood, depression, state anxiety, and stress) in high-performance athletes during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to explore the coping strategies that athletes have applied and whether they are perceived as useful for managing negative emotional states. A cross-sectional study was conducted through online questionnaires during April 2020, adapting the Psychological Assessment Protocol of the High-Performance Sports Center of Murcia (Spain), to assess the psychological effects of confinement in a cross-cultural sample of 310 athletes (141 women and 169 men) from different countries in Europe, Asia, and America, and from diverse sports disciplines. The protocol comprised six instruments that test perfectionism, trait anxiety, mood states, stress, depression, coping strategies, and sleep. It was answered online via Google Forms. The results show that maladaptive perfectionism was related to all the indicators of athletes’ mental health. However, athletes’ levels of anxiety, stress, and depressive symptoms are relatively low, and the use of coping strategies such as cognitive restructuring and emotional calm was associated with lower levels of negative emotional states. Besides, the Iceberg Profile, a suitable fit for the mental health model, is observed in the mood of athletes, both in men and in women, although women showed higher levels of anxiety, stress, and depression than men. A strong relationship was observed between maladaptive perfectionism and martial arts sports discipline, superior to other sports. In short, it can be concluded that high-performance athletes in the Leguizamo et al. High-Performance Athletes’ Psychological Impact of COVID-19 studied sample showed negative emotional state values below the expected average. Finally, the proposals for practical applications of the results collected are discussed.
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    Subjective well-being of Physical Education teachers during confinement in northern Mexico
    (Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2025) Nuñez Enriquez, Oscar; González Rivas, Ramón Alfonso; Ramírez García, Adrián Alonso; Bibiano Mejia, M. Angeles; Alaniz Bernal, Cynthia Alejandra; Santos Sambrano, Gilberto; Sin departamento asociado
    The purpose of this research was to analyze the emotional state of physical education (PE) teachers in northern Mexico, from their educational supervisors and pedagogical supervisors (ATPs) perspective during confinement due to COVID-19. This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach of a phenomenological focus, three district supervisors and four technical-pedagogical advisers of Physical Education participated. Data collection was through focus groups and the analysis was collaborative and deductive-inductive from the perspective of subjective well-being. The main findings indicated that the teachers' emotional state influenced their professional performance. Two emotional states were identified: a) positive, related to happiness and enjoyment, due to the peacefulness of working from the comfort and safety of home; and b) negative, associated with stress and depression due to factors such as the death of relatives, friends and colleagues, and lack of contact with students. It was concluded that teachers' emotional state depends on their resilience or lack thereof; and educational authorities must develop strategies to support teachers' emotional care.