Browsing by Subject "Cold ischemia"

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    Danger signals released during cold ischemia storage activate NLRP3 inflammasome in myeloid cells and influence early allograft function in liver transplantation
    (Elsevier, 2022-12-19) Lucas-Ruiz, Fernando; Mateo, Sandra V.; Jover-Aguilar, Marta; Alconchel, Felipe; Martínez-Alarcón, Laura; Torre-Minguela, Carlos de; Vidal-Correoso, Daniel; Villalva-López, Francisco; López-López, Víctor; Rios-Zambudio, Antonio; Pons Miñano, José Antonio; Ramírez, Pablo; Baroja-Mazo, Alberto; Pelegrín Vivancos, Pablo; Medicina
    Background Innate immunity plays a fundamental role in solid organ transplantation. Myeloid cells can sense danger signals or DAMPs released after tissue or cell damage, such as during ischemia processes. This study aimed to identify DAMPs released during cold ischemia storage of human liver and analyze their ability to activate the inflammasome in myeloid cells and the possible implications in terms of short-term outcomes of liver transplantation. Methods 79 samples of organ preservation solution (OPS) from 79 deceased donors were collected after cold static storage. We used different analytical methods to measure DAMPs in these end-ischemic OPS (eiOPS) samples. We also used eiOPS in the human macrophage THP-1 cell line and primary monocyte cultures to study inflammasome activation. Findings Different DAMPs were identified in eiOPS, several of which induced both priming and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in human myeloid cells. Cold ischemia time and donation after circulatory death negatively influenced the DAMP signature. Moreover, the presence of oligomeric inflammasomes and interleukin-18 in eiOPS correlated with early allograft dysfunction in liver transplant patients. Interpretation DAMPs released during cold ischemia storage prime and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in liver macrophages after transplantation, inducing a pro-inflammatory environment that will complicate the outcome of the graft. The use of pharmacological blockers targeting DAMPs or the NLRP3 inflammasome in liver ischemia during static cold storage or through extracorporeal organ support could be a suitable strategy to increase the success of liver transplantation.
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    Endothelial cell activation mediated by cold ischemia-released mitochondria is partially inhibited by defibrotide and impacts on early allograft function following liver transplantation
    (Elsevier, 2023-09-18) Villalba-Lopez, Francisco; Mateo, Sandra V.; Vidal-Correoso, Daniel; Jover-Aguilar, Marta; Alconchel, Felipe; Martínez-Alarcón, Laura; López-López, Víctor; Rios-Zambudio, Antonio; Cascales, Pedro; Pons Miñano, José Antonio; Ramírez, Pablo; Baroja-Mazo, Alberto; García Bernal, David; Pelegrín Vivancos, Pablo; Medicina
    DAMPs (danger-associated molecular patterns) are self-molecules of the organism that appear after damage. The endothelium plays several roles in organ rejection, such as presenting alloantigens to T cells and contributing to the development of inflammation and thrombosis. This study aimed to assess whether DAMPs present in the organ preservation solution (OPS) after cold ischemic storage (CIS) contribute to exacerbating the endothelial response to an inflammatory challenge and whether defibrotide treatment could counteract this effect. The activation of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was analyzed after challenging with endischemic OPS (eiOPS) obtained after CIS. Additionally, transwell assays were performed to study the ability of eiOPS to attract lymphocytes across the endothelium. The study revealed that eiOPS upregulated the expression of MCP-1 and IL-6 in HUVECs. Moreover, eiOPS increased the membrane expression of ICAM-1and HLA-DR, which facilitated leukocyte migration toward a chemokine gradient. Furthermore, eiOPS demonstrated its chemoattractant ability. This activation was mediated by free mitochondria. Defibrotide was found to partially inhibit the eiOPS-mediated activation. Moreover, the eiOPS-mediated activation of endothelial cells (ECs) correlated with early allograft dysfunction in liver transplant patients. Our finding provide support for the hypothesis that mitochondria released during cold ischemia could trigger EC activation, leading to complications in graft outcomes. Therefore, the analysis and quantification of free mitochondria in the eiOPS samples obtained after CIS could provide a predictive value for monitoring the progression of transplantation. Moreover, defibrotide emerges as a promising therapeutic agent to mitigate the damage induced by ischemia in donated organs.