Browsing by Subject "Cancer-associated fibroblast"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Ecology of melanoma cell
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2018) Lacina, Lukáš; Kodet, Ondřej; Dvořánková, Barbora; Szabo, Pavol; Smetana Jr, Karel
    Melanoma represents a cancer with increasing incidence worldwide and limited curability of advanced stages of the disease. Similarly to other types of tumors, the microenvironment is an important factor that participates in the control of melanoma biological properties. This review summarizes data regarding the role of the microenvironment, namely fibroblasts, keratinocytes and infiltrating immune cells, on melanoma growth and spreading. The role of embryonic microenvironment on melanoma cell biological properties is also discussed. The potential of therapeutic targeting of the melanoma microenvironment is demonstrated.
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    Inducible factors for cancer-associated fibroblasts in liver cancer versus myofibroblasts in inflammatory liver disease
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Okabe, Hirohisa; Hayashi, Hiromitsu; Nakagawa, Shigeki; Imai, Katsunori; Nitta, Hidetoshi; Arima, Kota; Hashimoto, Daisuke; Chikamoto, Akira; Ishiko, Takatoshi; Beppu, Toru; Baba, Hideo
    The importance of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in liver cancer, cholangiocarcinoma (CC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), has been appreciated in the past 5 years. We focused on how they get activated in the tumor microenvironment in this review. Not only hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) but also portal fibroblasts (PFs) have been appreciated to be key players in liver fibrogenesis, and their different roles have just started to be recognized. Since the role of cholangiocyte in biliary fibrogenic disease might have some similarities to that of CC, we focused on the role of cholangiocytes activating stromal fibroblasts, which would presumably be helpful for better understanding the mechanism of tumor-CAFs interaction. In addition, the activation of CAFs should be different from that of CAFs in HCC, which we consider to be potentially similar to MFs in hepatocyte injury-dependent liver fibrogesis. Herein, we describe the activation of CAFs in CC in comparison to MFs seen in other liver diseases such as 1) MFs in liver fibrosis caused by hepatocyte injury such as alcoholic hepatitis, viral hepatitis, and nonalcoholic steatosis, 2) MFs in liver fibrosis caused by cholestatic disease, and 3) CAFs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This review on the activation of fibroblasts either in liver cancer or in chronic liver disease would contribute to CAF-targeted therapy in liver cancer.
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    The role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in breast cancer pathobiology
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2016) Yang Jung, Yoon; Min Kim, Hye; Seung Koo, Ja
    The role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is critical in cancer pathobiology. Of the components of the TME, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a major role. Breast cancer is a typical tumor type, forming abundant tumor stroma, and CAFs are involved in various aspects of breast cancer, including carcinogenesis, tumor progression, invasion, metastasis, inflammation, metabolism, therapy resistance, and prognosis. Various factors, such as growth factors, cytokines, hormones secreted from CAFs, paracrine effects promoted by the extracellular matrix (ECM), and mechanical pressure, are involved in cancer development, and there are various crosstalk and signaling pathways among CAFs, cancer cells, epithelial cells, and the ECM. Recent studies have evaluated the potential of CAFs as therapeutic targets in breast cancer. In this review, we discuss the role of CAFs and their clinical implications.