Browsing by Subject "Bone marrow"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Una alternativa poco habitual: la vía intraosea
    (Murcia : Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia, 2011) Míguez Burgos, A.; Muñoz Simarro, D.; Tello Pérez, S.
    En el presente artículo, tras una intensa revisión bibliográfica, intentaremos implantar una guía de recomendaciones a la hora de utilizar esta vía, para ello expondremos las principales indicaciones y contraindicaciones de la citada vía, así como las técnicas de inserción y principales regiones anatómicas afectas. Debemos tener en cuenta que se trata de un acceso vascular de urgencia para la infusión de fármacos y líquidos, por lo que vamos a delimitar sus indicaciones concretas y a quien corresponde su aplicación, así como la descripción de la técnica en todos sus pasos. La base teórica del uso de esta vía está basada en que la cavidad medular de huesos largos está ocupada por una rica red de capilares sinusoides que drenan al gran seno venoso central y que permite pasar dichos fármacos y líquidos a la circulación general con una rapidez similar a como lo harían por cualquier otra vena periférica. Se trata de una vía de elección poco conocida por el personal sanitario, pero de gran utilidad en pacientes con difícil acceso venoso por colapso circulatorio de origen patológico o traumático, por lo que tras la elaboración de este artículo pretendemos que a todos nos sea un poco más fácil su uso.
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    Detection and characterisation of disseminated tumour cells in bone marrow of breast cancer patients by immunostaining of Her-2 and MUC-1 in combination with Thomsen-Friedenreich (CD176)
    (F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2014) Andergassen, Ulrich; Kölbl, A. C.; Zebisch, M.; Heublein, Sabine; Hutter, S.; Ilmer, M.; Schindlbeck, C.; Friese, K.; Jeschke, U.
    Disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow derive from many primary tumours, such as breast cancer. Their mere existence hints to present or future metastasis and implicates a worse prognosis for the patient. DTCs may possess different characteristics in comparison to the primary tumour due to events like Epithelial-Mesenchymal-Transition. Therefore these cells might be able to survive chemotherapy and cause relapses of the disease at a later point. We aimed to detect and further characterise DTCs by an immunostaining approach with three different antigen markers (Her-2, MUC-1 and TF, also known as CD176). For that reason, bone marrow of 41 breast cancer patients was obtained during surgery; DTCs were enriched by density gradient centrifugation and cytospins were prepared. After fixation, immunofluorescent double-stainings were carried out with antibodies against CD176 in combination with HER-2 or MUC-1. Cells co-expressing two antigens were found in all staining combinations (Her-2 and CD176: 46.14%; MUC-1 and CD176: 18.15% of all cases). Cells that stained for a single antigen only were also found (Her-2: 36.86%; MUC-1: 34.45%; CD176: 29.65% of all cases). Significant correlations between the stainings of all markers could be shown (p<0,001). In conclusion, Thomsen-Friedenreich Antigen (TF, CD176) is a promising marker in combination with the established marker Her-2 and other markers like MUC-1. These results may serve as a basis for future DTC detection routines and help to individualize medical treatment, reducing side effects and increasing the efficiency of the therapy.
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    Expression of Tie2 (angiopoietin receptor) on the monocyte subpopulations from ischemic stroke patients: Histological and flowcytometric studies
    (Universidad de Murcia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Histiologia, 2023) Alrafiah, Aziza R.
    Introduction. Different subpopulations of monocytes play roles in phagocytosis, inflammation, and angiogenic processes e.g., Tie2-expressing monocytes (TEMs). The brain is flooded with macrophages that are derived from monocytes within 3-7 days after a stroke. This study aimed to determine the expression level of Tie2 (an angiopoietin receptor) on monocytes and their subpopulations in ischemic stroke patients using the histological and immunohistological study of bone marrow biopsies and blood flow cytometry examination. Methods. Ischemic stroke patients within two days were selected. Participants in the control group were healthy volunteers of matched age and gender. Sample collection was performed within 24 to 48 hours after medical consultants confirmed the stroke diagnosis. An iliac crest bone marrow biopsy was obtained and fixed for histological and immunohistological staining with antiCD14 and antiCD68. Flow cytometry was used to determine the total monocyte population, monocyte subpopulations, and TEMs after staining with monoclonal antibodies to CD45, CD14, CD16, and Tie2. Results. Post-stroke patients' bone marrow cells were hypercellular. There was an apparent increase in CD68 and CD14-positive cells. Ischemic stroke patients exhibited low percentages of nonclassical monocytes CD14lowCD16++, with an increase in intermediate monocytes CD14highCD16+. Moreover, ischemic stroke patients had significantly higher levels of TEMs than control group. Conclusions. The results of this study demonstrate dysregulation of angiogenesis in monocyte subsets in ischemic stroke patients, which could be used as an early diagnostic marker of neurovascular damage and may need angiogenic therapy or improved medications to prevent further damage of blood vessels
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    Mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for damaged retinal ganglion cells, is gold all that glitters?
    (Wolters Kluwer – Medknow Publications, 2019-11-01) Lucas Ruiz, Fernando; Galindo Romero, Caridad; García Bernal, David; Norte Muñoz, María; Rodríguez Ramírez, Kristy T.; Salinas Navarro, Manuel Ángel; Millán Rivero, José E.; Vidal Sanz, Manuel; Agudo Barriuso, Marta; Anatomía Humana y Psicobiología
    Mesenchymal stromal cells are an excellent source of stem cells because they are isolated from adult tissues or perinatal derivatives, avoiding the ethical concerns that encumber embryonic stem cells. In preclinical models, it has been shown that mesenchymal stromal cells have neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties, both of which are ideal for central nervous system treatment and repair. Here we will review the current literature on mesenchymal stromal cells, focusing on bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells, adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells and mesenchymal stromal cells from the umbilical cord stroma, i.e., Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stromal cells. Finally, we will discuss the use of these cells to alleviate retinal ganglion cell degeneration following axonal trauma.
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    ß-Galactosidase staining on bone marrow. The osteoclast pitfall
    (Murcia : F. Hernández, 2007) Kopp, H.G.; Hooper, A.T.; Shmelkov, S.V.; Rafii, S.
    The enzyme ß-galactosidase, encoded by the bacterial gene lac-Z, is commonly used as a histochemical reporter to track transplanted cells in vivo or to analyze temporospatial gene expression patterns by coupling expression of specific target genes to ßgalactosidase activity. Previously, endogenous ßgalactosidase activity has been recognized as a confounding factor in the study of different soft tissues, but there is no description of the typical background on bone marrow sections when using the chromogenic substrate 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl ß-D-Galactoside (X-Gal). In this report, we show that osteoclasts in bone marrow sections specifically and robustly stain blue with X-Gal. This leads to a typical background when bone marrow is examined that is present from the first day post partum throughout the adult life of experimental mice and can be confused with transgenic, bacterial ßgalactosidase expressing hematopoietic or stromal cells. Experimental variations in the X-Gal staining procedure, such as pH and time of exposure to substrate, were not sufficient to avoid this background. Therefore, these data demonstrate the need for strenuous controls when evaluating ß-galactosidase positive bone marrow cells. Verifiable bacterial ß-galactosidase positive bone marrow cells should be further identified using immunohistological or other approaches. Specifically, ßgalactosidase positive hematopoietic or stromal cells should be proven specifically not to be osteoclasts by costaining or staining adjacent sections for specific markers of hematopoietic and stromal cells.