Browsing by Subject "Adult stem cells"

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    Expression of stem cell marker CD133 in fetal and adult human kidneys and pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis
    (Murcia: F. Hernández, 2011) Kim, Kyungeun; Park, Bong-Hee; Ihm, Hyojin; Kim, Kyung Min; Jeong, Jinuk; Chang, Jai Won; Cho, Yong Mee
    Background: Different cell types in the kidney, including those in tubules, glomeruli, and interstitium, have been proposed as candidate adult renal stem cells, raising controversy about the very existence of such cells. In this study, we sought to clarify the location and nature of adult renal stem cells and to address their reparative role in native kidney disease. Methods: The expression of the stem cell marker CD133 was analyzed in 31 normal fetal and adult human kidneys by immunohistochemical methods. Co expression of CD133 with Ki-67 and tubule specific markers was also examined. Seventeen cases of pauciimmune glomerulonephritis were evaluated for CD133 and Ki-67 expression, and this was correlated with the patients’ renal prognosis. Results: CD133 was expressed in S-shaped bodies of fetal kidneys and co-expressed with Ki-67. It was highly expressed in mature tubules of fetal and adult kidneys without Ki-67 co-expression. CD133+ cells were most abundant in the S3 segment of proximal tubules and co-expressed with the distal tubule marker, suggesting multipotency. Most tubular CD133+ cells in normal adult kidneys exhibited pathologic features of acute and chronic injury. In pauci-immune glomerulonephritis, tubular CD133 and Ki-67 coexpression tended to be higher in cases where renal function recovered. Conclusion: These results suggest that adult renal stem cells reside predominantly in the S3 segment of the proximal tubule, where they remain mitotically silent under normal conditions, but can be induced by cellular injury. These results also suggest a potential role for adult renal stem cells in recovery from native human kidney disease.
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    In vitro differentiation of primordial germ cells and oocyte-like cells from stem cells
    (Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, 2018) Costa, José J.N.; Souza, Glaucinete B.; Soares, Maria A.A.; Ribeiro, Regislane P.; van den Hurk, Robert; Silva, José R.V.
    Infertility is the result of failure due to an organic disorder of the reproductive organs, especially their gametes. Recently, much progress has been made on generating germ cells, including oocytes, from various types of stem cells. This review focuses on advances in female germ cell differentiation from different kinds of stem cells, with emphasis on embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. The advantages and disadvantages of the derivation of female germ cells from several types of stem cells are also highlighted, as well as the ability of stem cells to generate mature and functional female gametes. This review shows that stem cell therapies have opened new frontiers in medicine, especially in the reproductive area, with the possibility of regenerating fertility.