Sport TK Vol.13 (2024)

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Open Access
Clima motivacional, interés, esfuerzo y progresión en el aprendizaje de los adolescentes chilenos en relación al sexo y la actividad física
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Carrasco-Venturelli, Hanrriette; Cachón-Zagalaz, Javier; Ubago-Jiménez, José Luis; Lara-Sánchez, Amador J.
El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar si existe una relación entre el clima motivacional y el interés, esfuerzo y progreso en el aprendizaje de los adolescentes en las clases de Educación Física, considerando tanto el género como el nivel de actividad física. Aplicándose los cuestionarios: PMCSQ-2, IEPA, AYES, y PAQ-C a una muestra de n=3169 adolescentes chilenos. Los resultados se estudiaron mediante análisis descriptivos y correlacionales mostrando que existen correlaciones estadísticamente significativas cuando los estudiantes perciben que el profesor actúa intencionadamente en sus clases hacia el clima tarea presentan mayor interés, esfuerzo y progresión en su aprendizaje, destacando mayor motivación en el grupo que tiene AF leve tanto en hombres y mujeres. Pero cuando estas variables se relacionan con el clima ego, solo correlacionan positivamente en los hombres, contrariamente a las mujeres estas son negativas. Cuando se correlacionan las variables disposicionales y las contextuales en los hombres existe un mayor interés, esfuerzo y progresión por aprender en la clase de EF. Es necesario que el profesorado de EF centre sus clases en el clima tarea, porque así potenciará un mayor interés, esfuerzo y progresión en el aprendizaje, y fomentará una posible adherencia a la adquisición de estilos de vida más saludables.
Open Access
Matching school sports managers’ job demands with resources for optimal performance in Nigeria
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Arenyeka, Ufuoma Vivian; Akporehe, Dorah Ataphia; Nabofa, Ochuko Eric
School sports are beneficial to schools, communities and society as a whole in that they can prevent delinquent behaviours, force commitment to rules, promote social control and teach societal/school values, among others. Deriving these benefits of school sports requires the optimal performance of school sports managers, who teach physical and health education (PHE) as a subject, games masters, house masters, head teachers and seconded school coaches.In this literature review, the JD-R theory was used to explore the literature regarding several potential job demands and job resources within the school sports management environment and how these can be matched for the optimum performance and productivity of school sports managers. It was established that there is a need to identify all possible physical, psychological, social or organizational demands and resources in school sports management to achieve optimal performance in school sports management. The JD-R literature suggests that organizations need to offer employees sufficient job challenges and resources, including feedback, social support, and skill variety, for optimal productivity.
Open Access
Effects of a comprehensive warm-up program on performance parameters of elite and sub-elite male skiers
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Çetin Sarışık, Derya; Şahin, Fatma Neşe
Este estudio investiga los efectos de un programa integral de calentamiento (FIFA 11+) sobre el rendimiento y las lesiones en esquiadores. Investigaciones recientes muestran que los programas integrales de calentamiento pueden afectar significativamente el rendimiento y prevenir lesiones. Un total de 20 esquiadores masculinos de sub-élite (n: 10) y élite (n: 10) participaron en el estudio. Los criterios de inclusión en el estudio fueron estar en el rango de edad de 18 a 25 años y haber participado en competiciones internacionales para esquiadores de élite durante al menos tres años, así como continuar activamente su vida deportiva para esquiadores de sub-élite. Se aplicó un programa de calentamiento integral (FIFA 11+) a los esquiadores tres días a la semana, durante ocho semanas, antes del entrenamiento. Se tomaron dos medidas de los deportistas: pre-tests y post-tests. En este estudio se aplicaron tests de agilidad hexagonal, pruebas de caja alta, mediciones de equilibrio y pruebas de medición de propiocepción. En las comparaciones dentro de los grupos, hubo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en el test de agilidad del hexágono (p = 0,01), prueba de propiocepción (p = 0,01) y prueba de caja alta (p = 0,01). El test de equilibrio dinámico de la pierna derecha (p = 0,01) fue significativo en los esquiadores de sub-élite, y se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los esquiadores de élite en agilidad hexagonal (p = 0,01), prueba de propiocepción (p = 0,01), prueba de caja alta (p = 0,01), y el test de equilibrio dinámico de la pierna derecha (p = 0,02). Los efectos del protocolo de calentamiento FIFA 11+ sobre los parámetros de rendimiento y la propiocepción no difirieron entre deportistas de élite y de sub-élite.
Open Access
Factores asociados con la participación de los adolescentes en actividades físicas fuera de la escuela
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Jiménez Boraita, Raúl; Arriscado Alsina, Daniel; Gargallo Ibort, Esther; Dalmau Torres, Josep María
La participaciónen actividades físico-deportivas extraescolares contribuye al cumplimento de las recomendaciones de actividad física en los adolescentes, pudiendo tener una influencia directa en la salud.El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la realización de actividadesfísico-deportivas extraescolares, evaluando su relación con diversos hábitos de vida e indicadores de salud física y psicosocial, así como la influencia de diferentes variables sociodemográficas. El estudio se llevó a cabo sobre una muestra de 761 estudiantes (14,51±1,63 años) de 25 centros educativos. Se valoró la realización de actividades físico-deportivas extraescolares, nivel de actividad física, horas de sueño nocturno, adherencia a la dieta mediterránea, consumo máximo de oxígeno, índice de masa corporal, calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, autoestima, satisfacción con la imagen corporal y diversos factores sociodemográficos. Tener menor edad, ser chico, posee
Open Access
The effect of service quality and coach competency on the motivation and achievement of Riau basketball student-athletes
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Juita, Ardiah; Tomoliyus; Hariono, Awan; Syahriadi; Sukamti, Endang Rini; Fauzi; Alim, Abdul; Prabowo, Trisnar Adi
The aim of this study wasto assess the correlation between each variable of service quality and coach competency and their impact on the achievement of basketball athletes, with motivation acting as a mediatingvariable in this relationship. This studyis a correlational descriptive study using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) approach with the help of smart PLS. The study comprised a sample of 100 basketball student-athletes from Riau province. Data collection involved the use of questionnaires; however, to complement this quantitative approach, interviews with athletes are still considered necessary as a qualitative method.The results revealed that the coach's competency significantly relates to the achievement, with a p-value of 0.004, the competency of the coach to the motivation with apvalue of 0.000, the motivation to the achievement (p < 0.000), the quality ofservice to the achievement of (p< 0.001), the quality of service to the motivation (p < 0.003), the competency of the coach to the achievement of the motivation (< 0.000), the quality of service to the achievement of the motivation (p < 0.007). The quality of service and competence of basketball coaches has a strong relationship with the achievements of basketball athletes. Motivation also plays an important role as a mediating variable, demonstrating that the quality of service and the competence of basketball coaches can significantly enhance the achievement of student basketball athletes through motivation. It is expected that the results of this study can be used as a reference to coaches, sports academics, official basketball clubs, and related parties in basketball to pay more attention to the quality of service, especially training sites and competent coaches.
Open Access
Contribution of reciprocal electrical stimulation across elbow muscles to motor recovery of infants with Erb's Palsy: A randomized controlled trial
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Emam Elnegamy, Tamer
This study examined the effect of reciprocal electrical stimulation (RES) across elbow flexors and extensors on the reaction of degeneration percentage and motor function in Erb's palsy infants. Forty infants with Erb’s palsy aged between 2-5 months were randomly allocated to one of two equal groups: the control group (A) received standard physical therapy, the study group (B) received traditional physical therapy plus a 15-minute RES through elbow flexors and extensors. For three months, interventions were carried out three times each week. The percentage of reaction of degeneration and motor function were assessed pre- and post-treatment using electromyography and Toronto active motion scale respectively. There was a significantly greater reduction in the percentage of reaction of degeneration and increase in the Toronto active motion scale score in the study group (B) as compared to the control group (A) (p < 0.001, p =0.007 consequently), indicating more improvements following the RES application. Incorporating the RES in the traditional rehabilitation programs for Erb's palsied infants is likely effective in improving motor functions. It is advisable for the pediatric physical therapist to consider such a therapeutic approach in caring for those infants.
Open Access
The impact of rule updates on the performance of racewalkers and the classification of countries: An analysis at the Olympic Games
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Megahed, Mohamed; Tarek, Zahraa
Numerous controversies arose over the judgment of the racewalking events, and the rules were amended more than once. Before 1995, the rule required constant touch with the ground, and the need for a straight knee was only applied in the upright vertical posture. While, after 1995, the rule that applies today was published, which included two obvious changes. One related to maintaining a constantly straight knee through the first half of the stride, and the other to maintaining contact as seen by the human eye. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the last three modifications in racewalking rules on elite athletes' performance, athletes' eligibility, and nations' classification. Also, we investigated the regression between performance times of 20, and 50 km events and explanatory variables (BMI, and age). We collected data of 310 racewalkers from Olympic Games records (men) in 20km and 50km between 1956 and 2016. This period was divided into three stages according to the racewalking rules updates: Stage A (from 1996 to 2016), Stage B (from 1976 to 1992), and Stage C (from 1956 to 1972). There was a significant difference between all stages favoring stage A for Athlete’s Performance. Stage A has the highest speeds (4.06±.23m/sec) for 20km with large ES (η2=.54, p=.000), and (3.71±.06m/sec) for 50km with large ES (η2=.769, p=.000) compared to others. The participants had the efficiency and the ability to finish the race with the least percentage of withdrawals under the current rule compared to other rules. Some countries emerged on the scene, i.e. China, Poland and Ecuador, and others disappeared under the current rule; while the regression model's results revealed a substantial link between time and explanatory parameters where (BConstant=58.219, P.000) for 20km and (BConstant=164.744, P.000) for 50km. Results proved that the elite walkers, the youngest and lowest in BMI, are the fastest and most efficient walkers under the current rule
Open Access
The kinematic analysis of the straight punch in two ways for amateur boxing players in Jordan
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Raf’at Ald’ily, Ra’fat Omar; Abu-Shihab, Esam Najeh; Abualtaieb, Mohammad Hassan Ibrahim; Alharahsha, Qutaiba A.; Abu Aloyoun, Ala’a Kh.; Altarawneh, Orouba Dheeb; Alyasen, Qusai Basem Mohammad
This study aimed to identify some kinematic variables (distance between the feet, arm movement, punch speed, punch time, punch distance, ankle angle, knee angle, elbow angle, shoulder angle, pelvis angle) for the straight punch between two methods. The first method: performing a straight punch with the right hand towards the target without changing the distance between the feetand being on a straight line. The second method: performing a straight punch with the right hand towards the target without changing the distance between the feet, and the left foot is ahead of the right foot.A total of 8 amateur boxers in Jordan who were photographed using an iPhone camera at a frequency of 60 frames per second, participated in this study.The researchersdownloaded videos on a computer (LAPTOP), which contains the Kinovea software (Kinovea. Setup.0.8.15.), and determined the best attempts for each player by watching the videos. Then, the researchersanalyzed the attempts through the kinetic analysis program (Kinovea. Setup.0.8.15.) and extracted the study variables.The shorter the muscle contraction time of the straight punch, the greater the kinetic momentum and speed of the punch in both styles, and the greater the knee angle, the greater the punch and speed of the punch in both styles. Also, momentum and punch speed were better in the second method.We recommend a climatic and other clinical study of the straight stroke and to use the second method in the straight punch.
Open Access
Physical and psychological rehabilitation for common weightlifting injuries
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Yang, Tang Xun; Wang, Wei; Kozlova, Elena; Oleshko, Valentin
In the process of weightlifting, there is an increased load on both the respiratory system, the cardiovascular system, and on individual parts of the nervous system. At the same time, special attention is paid to the possibilities of providing a stable body functioning after the cancellation of treatment course and the corresponding pharmacological support of athletes with treatment schedule or without it. The novelty of the study is determined by the need to ensure constant and stable work of the cardiovascular system. The authors note that this is possible both when the body performance indicators return to the level before injury, and in conditions of returning to original sports results. It is determined in the paper that the use of the instrumental model will make it possible to develop sustainable energy consumption and coordinate the balancing of loads on an athlete during the period of recovery after injury. Model formation is based on uniform signals in a correlated random process in a simulation model. The practical significance of the study is determined by the need to structure the training loads in the post-traumaticperiod. This reduces a number of physiological and psychological stresses on a person and allows increasing in the long term the loads that the athlete plans to utilise after returning to the sports sector.
Open Access
Effect of gender, leg dominancy and body mass index on Y-balance performance among young healthy adults
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Abdel-Aziem, Amr Almaz; Ewais, Najlaa Fathi; Hassan, Sahar Mahmoud
This study investigated the influence of the sex, dominant leg and BMI on dynamic balance control of young adults (mean age; 20 ± 1.56) using the Y-balance test-lower quarter (YBT-LQ). This cross-sectional study included 218 participants (105 men and 103 women) who were recruited as a convenient sample of young, normal adults. The examination was implemented in one session, with three trials in each direction on each leg. The maximum reach distance of the three trials in each direction was used for statistical analysis. The reported reach distances were also normalized for each participant's leg length. Males' right leg values in the posteromedial (PM), posterolateral (PL), and composite directions were substantially longer than females' (p<0.05), and no significant difference between both sexes in anterior (AT) direction (p>0.05). In all directions, there were no significant differences between both sexes for the left leg (p>0.05), and no significant differences between the right values of the dominant and non-dominant legs (p>0.05). However, the left values of the non-dominant legs were longer than the dominant leg in directions (p<0.05). The right leg values of the AT, PM, and composite values of the average BMI subjects was greater than the over-weight and obese subjects (p<0.05), and the left leg values of the AT and composite values of the average BMI subjects was greater than over-weight and obese subjects (p<0.05). Males have a longer right leg reach distance in the PM, PL directions, and composite value compared to females. The right leg dominant participants have longer reach distance of the left leg in all directions. When compared to over-weight and obese participants, average body weight subjects have bilaterally larger reach distance in the AT and composite directions.
Open Access
Correlation of head and shoulder posture with non-specific neck pain: A cross-sectional study
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Battecha, Kadrya H; Salaheldein Alayat, Mohamed; Mousa, Gihan Samir; H M, Mahmoud; Thabet, Ali A. El-monsif; Ebid, Anwar A.; Ibrahim Salem, Mohamed Mohamed; Alharbi, Albatol B.; Batawi, Ghaidaa W.; Almurakshi, Danah M.; Bogis, Tala M.
Non-specific neck pain (NSNP) is one of the most significant health problems especially with frequent use of media devices as computers and cell phones that may be associated with some faulty postures as forward head posture or rounded shoulders. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation of neck, head and shoulders angles: cranio-cervical angle (CVA), forward shoulder angle (FSA), coronal shoulder angle (CSA) and sagittal head tilt angle (SHT) with the non-specific neck pain. A total of ‏ 100 females with non-specific neck pain, whose ages were ranged between 18-25 years old. Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Digital Camera were used to assess neck pain, and neck different angles of cervical and shoulders, respectively. There was indicated a positive and significant correlation between NPRS and FSA (P < 0.045), while there were non-significant correlations between NPRS and other variables (P > 0.05). It was found that there was a significant positive correlation between forward shoulder angle and non-specific neck pain in the sample of female participants. However, no significant associations were observed between neck pain intensity and CCA, CSA, and SHT. Addressing and improving forward shoulder angles may be a potential strategy to reduce neck pain in individuals with non-specific neck pain.
Open Access
Application of a combination of physical training methods to improve the aerobic capacity of football players
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Saharullah; Wahyudin; Idrus, Nur Abidah; Ockta, Yovhandra
Aerobic ability is essential in football because it directly influences endurance and the capacity to maintain performance throughout a match. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of combining physical training methods to enhance aerobic capacity in football players. The research method used was an experimental design with a one-group pre-test and post-test approach. The participants in this study were 20 football players from South Sulawesi, who were preparing for the 2024 Aceh and North Sumatra National Sports Week. The training program incorporated aerobic, anaerobic, and strength exercises in a structured manner. Training sessions were conducted three times a week for a total of 16 sessions. To assess improvements in aerobic capacity, the Vo2Max test was conducted before and after the training period. The study results showed a significant increase in the Vo2Max values of players following the application of the combined physical training methods (p<0.05). The combination of aerobic, anaerobic, and strength training methods effectively enhances the aerobic capacity of football players. This integrated training approach leads to notable improvements in players' aerobic fitness, positively impacting their performance and endurance during matches.
Open Access
Audio-visual video based circuit training model development design in futsal sports
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Amiq, Fahrial; Setiyono, Hari; Nurhasan, Nurhasan; Lesmana, Heru Syarli; Dafun Jr, Procopio B.; Ayubi, Novadri; Robiansyah, Moh. Ferry
This study aimed to develop a circuit training model using audio-visual video media in futsal. The researcher used the R&D method. The subject possessed the characteristics of being male, aged between 20 and 30 years, with a Body Mass Index between 18 and 34, and was a futsal athlete. Before the study began, the researcher explained the research procedure, and the subjects filled out informed consent forms. This technique was used to analyze the data obtained from distributing questionnaires. Questionnaires were given to futsal experts, media experts, and coaching experts. The reliability test was carried out by 12 subjects from the small group test and 24 subjects from the large group test. The results of this development are in the form of videos; in these videos, there are 4 training models consisting of 4 posts each. The 4 posts are arranged in 1 round, with each post consisting of 3 athletes. In this training model, the athletes exercise at each post for 20 seconds; after completing one exercise model, they move to the next post. Exercises are done for 3 sets, with 1-minute recovery between sets. Based on the expert validity test, the evaluation results of futsal experts averaged 85.5%, media experts averaged 82.0%, and coaching experts averaged 83.3%. Furthermore, the results of the reliability test for the small group obtained a percentage of 88%, and for the large group, it was 87.87%. The development of a circuit training model in futsal games can help athletes become more enthusiastic and can also enable them to do additional exercises outside the schedule by using this video product as a training guide, providing athletes with many variations in their exercises.
Open Access
Pre-participation medical evaluation in rink hockey players
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) de Pablo Marquez, Bernat; Peña, Javier; Grazioli, Gonzalo; Rodas, Gil; Casals, Martí
The aim of this study was to describe the medical findings and the physical imbalances during pre-participation screenings among rink hockey players. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 773 rink hockey players (645 males and 128 females, 14 to 43 years old) from different teams participating in regional competitions. The pre-participation screening included: a) medical history, b) anthropometrical data, c) physical examination, d) baseline 12-lead ECG, and e) an extensive orthopedic evaluation. A total of 773 pre-participation evaluations were included. Anthropometry evaluation showed 20.2% were overweight and 4.1% classed as obese. The prevalence of previous injuries related to rink hockey was 24,4% (CI 95% 21.5-27.5). The lower limb was the most affected area, and fractures were the most frequent injuries. Four (0.05%) life-threatening cardiopathies were found and treated. Regarding musculoskeletal examination, 29 athletes (4%) presented spine alignment alterations, 69 (8.9%) presented lower leg dysmetria, and 150 (19.4%) feet misalignment. Pre-participation screening is essential in detecting medical conditions and physical imbalances affecting athletes’ health. These medical evaluations must be recommended for athletes of all levels.
Open Access
Development and validation of a measurement tool for assessing municipal sports services in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
(Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Sanchez, Juan Carlos; Badiola Lekue, Aduna; Viego, Valentina; Romaratezabala Aldasoro, Estibaliz
Drawing upon a literature review concerning the diagnosis, description, and evaluation of local sports, we formulated and validated a precise measurement instrument intended for characterizing the municipal sports services in the province of Buenos Aires (PBA), Argentina. The objective of the present study was to design and validate a measurement instrument for the characterisation of the municipal sports services of the PBA.We conducted a content validation process in two phases. In the first phase, the initial preliminary version of the instrument was reviewed and assessed by a panel of five experts, with a follow-up and adaptation by the research team. Afterwards, the final measurement instrument was evaluated by an expanded panelof 12 experts, showing high validity indexes (Aiken's V = 0.93) with figures greater than 0.9 in the lower extreme confidence intervals. In the second phase, to assess the reliability of the measurement instrument, a pilot study was carried out with 10 municipal sports offices from the PBA. Correlation coefficients of the test and retest responses greater than 0.9 were obtained, reflecting a high level of stability in the answers of the officials. The validated tool is a useful and reliable resource for managers of municipal sports services to operate with updated technical knowledge in decision-making.The instrument could be useful for the provincial authorities of the area, as it would allow to have a georeferenced characterisation of the sports supply and guide the local governments in the decision about sports interventions and the monitoring of the public sports service.
Open Access
Analysis of the effect of training on the explosive power of the pencak silat sickle kick: a comparative study of plyometric and conventional exercises
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Mashud; Sudirman, Ridwan; Samodra, Y Touvan Juni; Widiastuti; Arini, Ira; Suharto, Taufik Hidayat; Suryadi, Didi; Wulandari, Arina; Aryadi, Dedi; Rahmat, Ayi
This study aimed to find out the differences between the effects of plyometric and conventional exercises on the explosive power of the spark. This study used an experimental method where the sample is given treatment. The subjects in this study were 4th semester students of the STKIP Setiabudhi Sports Education study program. The sampling technique used cluster random sampling, so a sample of 40 students was obtained. The study was conducted for 14 meetings with a training frequency of twice a week. The sample was given treatment in the form of plyometric training to increase the explosive power of the sickle kick. The data obtained was analyzed using the SPSS version 26 application. The results of the comparison between plyometric and conventional exercises for low hand-foot coordination were reviewed. The study indicated that the value of Qcount = 12.96 exceeded Qtable = 4.90, or Qcount > Qtable, suggesting significant differences, with the plyometric exercise method proving superior to conventional exerci
Open Access
Student sports achievement: Can it control body mass index (BMI) and cholesterol?
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Wati, Isti Dwi Puspita; Kusnanik, Nining Widyah; Wahjuni, Endang Sri; Samodra, Y Touvan Juni; Sastaman, B Putra; Suryadi, Didi
The aim of this study was to assess the BMI and cholesterol levels of athletes selected for preparation for the National Sports Week in Indonesia. The study used a quantitative approach through a survey with researchers giving a test and measurement. The subjects used as research samples were all athletes in the sports of Weightlifting, Fencing, Aero Modeling, Bicycle Racing, Billiard, Handball, Badminton, Parachuting, Judo, Karate, Kempo, Muay Thai, Archery, Wall Climbing, Pencak Silat, Petangque, Swimming, Sepak Takraw, Taekwondo, Tarung Derajat, Table Tennis, Boxing, Volly Beach, Wushu. Additionally, following the selection test, a total of 328 athletes were included in the study. Instruments utilized in this study included the Omron Karada Scan HBF-328 scales for weight measurement, and the OneTouch device for cholesterol testing. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics version 26. The results revealed that the mean BMI and cholesterol levels were 22.85 and 171.38, respectively. Among the athletes, 11% were categorized as underweight, 63.11% as normal weight, 21.65% as overweight, 2.74% as obese I, 0.91% as obese II, and 0.61% as obese III. In terms of cholesterol levels, 80% were within the normal range, 10% were low, and 10% were high. Non-parametric correlation analysis demonstrated no significant relationship between BMI and cholesterol levels among the athletes, with a significance value of 0.815. This study concluded that the athlete's BMI was normal, as well as the average athlete's cholesterol condition in normal conditions.
Open Access
Increased leg muscle strength and power after 6 weeks of trapping exercise in male college students
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Akbar, Bayu; Setijono, Hari; Wiriawan, Oce; Wahyono, Muhammad; Nuryadi, Achmad; Purwoto, Septyaningrum Putri; Pranoto, Adi
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of trapping exercise for 6 weeks on leg muscle strength and power in male college students. This was a quasi-experimental study with a research design of one-group pre-test/post-test design. The sample amounted to 11 male students. Trapping exercise were carried out for 6 weeks with a frequency of 3-times exercise per week. A back and leg dynamometer was used to measure strength and the Accupower was used to measure power. Strength and power were measured before and after the 6-week trapping training. Paired samples t test was used to compare pre-test and post-test. The results showed that there was a significant increase in the average strength between pre-test vs. post-test (104.50±18.10 vs. 114.40±20.60 kg, p=0.000). Likewise, the mean power between pre-test vs. post-test (636.20±58.30 vs 656.60±64.00 Joules, p=0.000). The conclusion was that trapping exercise for 6 weeks with a frequency of 3-times exercise per week increased strength and power in male college students.
Open Access
Remedial exercise training program (aerobic and brisk walk training) for type II diabetes (T2DM)
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Wino, Wilson; Kuamr, Vinod
Diabetes type 2 Mellitus (T2DM) is a severe world crisis. The Indian population, mostly above forty years’ age group they sick with Diabetes. Most doctors prescribe walking as an endurance activity to improve diabetic patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise, including spot jogging, stepping, jumping exercises and simple dance movements, together with brisk walking on the improvement of type II diabetes. Ten subjects with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were selected as participants for this study. Totally 12 weeks of training was executed for this diabetes group, the training intensity was followed beginning with two minutes of continuous exercises with one-minute rest interval, and it has been progressively increased. The timing and intensity continue to forty minutes with five minutes’ rest intervals to reach to find the improvement in Type II diabetes. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.0 was used to analyze the data. Aerobic exercises and brisk walking significantly reduced the body weight, blood sugar level and showed significant changes in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure of type II diabetes.
Open Access
The effects of the combination of resistance exercise and heat stress on cell production and plasma levels of cytokines
(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Zilaei Bouri, Maryam; Agha-Alinejad, Hamid; Zilaei Bouri, Shirin; Daneshmandi, Saeed
Global warming and its effects on human health encouragethe examination of the effect of resistance exercise and heat stress on cytokines production. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction effect of resistance training and heat on the immune system of healthy active men. Six trained males (27.83±1.9 years, 86.45±10.3 kg) completed a 60-minute resistance exercise with 75% 1RM in two conditions (~25 °C, normal or ~35 °C, heat). The following were evaluated: LPS-stimulated cytokine production, plasma cytokine levels, and cortisol. The results showed that heat stress increased (P=0.027) plasma IL-6 and remained high after 1 hr (P=0.026). Upon stimulation with LPS, IL-6 cell production in heat and normal conditions increased immediately (PH=0.026; PN=0.048), decreased 1 hr after exercise, and returned to baseline (PH=0.005; PN=0.033). However, post-exercise LPS-TNF-α release decreased immediately only in a heated environment (P=0.029). The concentration of blood cortisol was unaffected by normal or heat conditions. The findings of this research suggest that other factors beyond cortisol regulated cytokines during heat-exposed exercise. Furthermore, the IL-6 had a regulatory function on TNF-α release. These cytokine changes showed that real work in similar temperatures did not negatively affect the immune system.