Publication: Hypoxic adaptation of the rat carotid body
Authors
Kusakabe, T. ; Matsuda, H. ; Hayashida, Y.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Three types of hypoxia with different levels
of carbon dioxide (hypocapnic, isocapnic, and
hypercapnic hypoxia) have been called systemic
hypoxia. The systemic hypoxic carotid bodies were
enlarged several fold, but the degree of enlargement was
different for each. The mean short and long axes of
hypocapnic and isocapnic hypoxic carotid bodies were
1.6 (short axis) and 1.8-1.9 (long axis) times larger than
normoxic control carotid bodies, respectively. Those of
hypercapnic hypoxic carotid bodies were 1.2 (short axis)
and 1.5 (long axis) times larger than controls,
respectively. The rate of enlargement in hypercapnic
hypoxic carotid bodies was lower than in hypocapnic
and isocapnic hypoxic carotid bodies. The rate of
vascular enlargement in hypercapnic hypoxic carotid
bodies was also smaller than in hypocapnic and
isocapnic hypoxic carotid bodies. Thus, the enlargement
of hypoxic carotid bodies is mainly due to vascular
dilation. Different levels of arterial CO2 tension change
the peptidergic innervation during chronically hypoxic
exposure. The characteristic vascular arrangement was
under the control of altered peptidergic innervation.
During the course of hypoxic adaptation, the
enlargement of the carotid bodies with vascular
expansion began soon after the start of hypoxic
exposure. During the course of recovery, the shrinking of
the carotid bodies with vascular contraction also started
at a relatively early period after the termination of
chronic hypoxia. These processes during the course of
hypoxic adaptation and during the course of recovery
were under the control of peptidergic innervation. These
findings may provide a standard for further studies of
hypoxic carotid bodies.
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