Publication: La posdemocracia, los nuevos extremismos políticos y su relación con la decadencia de las instituciones. Un análisis a partir de la crisis en Venezuela.
Authors
Lepinoux, Marine
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Publisher
ACEP. Ateneo de Estudios Políticos.
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
El presente artículo analiza la crisis de la democracia y el surgimiento de nuevos extremismos políticos a partir del concepto de “posdemocracia” desarrollado por Colin Crouch y articulado por Roberto Esposito. Se estudia específicamente el caso de Venezuela, donde la erosión democrática condujo a una autocracia chavista-madurista.Se explora cómo en Venezuela hubo una “fatiga democrática” propiciada por la posdemocracia y el neoliberalismo, que erosionó las débiles instituciones políticas heredadas de la colonia española. Estas tenían una lógica imperial de explotación, heredadas del Imperio Romano, y no respondían a las necesidades locales. Ante instituciones vacías, surgió la opción “mesiánica” del chavismo, que, con un discurso maniqueo de rebeldía popular y un líder caudillista, prometió la redención histórica de los oprimidos. Así, la posdemocracia venezolana transitó del agotamiento democrático al autoritarismo. Se concluye que la fundación débil de las instituciones venezolanas, su inadecuación social yla consecuente deslegitimación fueron caldo de cultivo para el surgimiento de extremismos redentoristas como el chavismo, en el marco de la posdemocracia neoliberal.
Abstract: This article analyses the crisis of democracy and the rise of new political extremisms based on the concept of “post-democracy” developed by Colin Crouch and articulated by Roberto Esposito. It looks specifically at the case of Venezuela, where democratic erosion led to a chavista-madurista autocracy. It explores how in Venezuela there was a “democratic fatigue” brought about by post-democracy and neoliberalism, which eroded the weak political institutions inherited fromthe Spanish colony. They had an imperial exploitation logic inherited from the Roman Empire and did not respond to local needs. Faced with empty institutions, the “messianic” option of chavismo emerged, which, with a Manichean discourse of popular rebellion and a caudillista leader, promised the historic redemption of the oppressed. Thus, the Venezuelan post-democracy transited from democratic exhaustion to authoritarianism. It is concluded that the weak foundation of Venezuelan institutions, their social inadequacy and consequent delegitimisation were a breeding ground for the emergence of redemptive extremisms such as chavismo, within the framework of neoliberal post-democracy.
Abstract: This article analyses the crisis of democracy and the rise of new political extremisms based on the concept of “post-democracy” developed by Colin Crouch and articulated by Roberto Esposito. It looks specifically at the case of Venezuela, where democratic erosion led to a chavista-madurista autocracy. It explores how in Venezuela there was a “democratic fatigue” brought about by post-democracy and neoliberalism, which eroded the weak political institutions inherited fromthe Spanish colony. They had an imperial exploitation logic inherited from the Roman Empire and did not respond to local needs. Faced with empty institutions, the “messianic” option of chavismo emerged, which, with a Manichean discourse of popular rebellion and a caudillista leader, promised the historic redemption of the oppressed. Thus, the Venezuelan post-democracy transited from democratic exhaustion to authoritarianism. It is concluded that the weak foundation of Venezuelan institutions, their social inadequacy and consequent delegitimisation were a breeding ground for the emergence of redemptive extremisms such as chavismo, within the framework of neoliberal post-democracy.
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Citation
Pensamiento al margen, n. 22, 2025, p. 138-149.
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