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Spotting political social bots in Twitter: a use case of the 2019 Spanish general election

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dc.contributor.authorPastor Galindo, Javier
dc.contributor.authorZago, Mattia
dc.contributor.authorNespoli, Pantaleone
dc.contributor.authorLópez Bernal, Sergio
dc.contributor.authorGil Pérez, Manuel
dc.contributor.authorMartínez Pérez, Gregorio
dc.contributor.authorGómez Mármol, Félix
dc.contributor.authorHuertas Celdrán, Alberto
dc.contributor.authorRuipérez Valiente, José Antonio
dc.contributor.departmentIngeniería de la Información y las Comunicaciones
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-14T08:21:04Z
dc.date.available2026-01-14T08:21:04Z
dc.date.copyright© 2020, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
dc.date.issued2020-10-16
dc.description.abstractWhile social media has been proved as an exceptionally useful tool to interact with other people and massively and quickly spread helpful information, its great potential has been ill-intentionally leveraged as well to distort political elections and manipulate constituents. In the paper at hand, we analyzed the presence and behavior of social bots on Twitter in the context of the November 2019 Spanish general election. Throughout our study, we classified involved users as social bots or humans, and examined their interactions from a quantitative (i.e., amount of traffic generated and existing relations) and qualitative (i.e., user’s political affinity and sentiment towards the most important parties) perspectives. Results demonstrated that a non-negligible amount of those bots actively participated in the election, supporting each of the five principal political parties.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.format.extent14
dc.identifier.citationIEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, Vol. 17, Issue 4, pp. 2156-2170
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2020.3031573
dc.identifier.issn1932-4537
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10201/186490
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
dc.relationThis study was partially funded by a grant from the Spanish National Cybersecurity Institute (INCIBE) with code INCIBEI-2015-27353, by the Spanish Government grants 14 FPU18/00304, FJCI-2017-34926 and RYC-2015-18210, cofunded by the European Social Fund, by a predoctoral grant from the University of Murcia, by the Irish Research Council, under the government of Ireland post-doc fellowship (grant code GOIPD/2018/466), by the University of Z¨urich UZH, and by the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under grant agreement No. 830927, namely the H2020 Concordia Project. Authors would also like to acknowledge Prof. Karl Aberer at EPFL, Prof. Albert Blarer at Armasuisse, H´ector Cordob´es and IMDEA Networks Institute for their support to this work.
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9226407
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International*
dc.rights.accessRightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/*
dc.subjectData mining and (big) data analysis, election manipulation, fake news, machine learning, information technology services, information visualization, political social bots
dc.subject.odsObjetivo 8: Crecimiento económico
dc.titleSpotting political social bots in Twitter: a use case of the 2019 Spanish general election
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
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