Publication: Molecular signaling in bone fracture healing and distraction osteogenesis
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Date
1999
Authors
Liu, Z. ; Luyte, F.P. ; Lammens, J. ; Dequeker, J.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
The process of fracture healing has been
described in detail in many histological studies. Recent
work has focused on the mechanisms by which growth
and differentiation factors regulate the fracture healing
process. Rapid progress in skeletal cellular and
molecular biology has led to the identification of many
signaling molecules associated with the formation of
skeletal tissues, including members of the transforming
growth factor-0 (TGF-B) superfamily and the insulin-like
growth factor (IGF) family. Increasing evidence
indicates that they are critical regulators of cellular
proliferation, differentiation, extracellular matrix
biosynthesis and mineralization. Limb lengthening
procedure (distraction osteogenesis) is a relevant model
to investigate the in vivo correlation between mechanical
stimulation and biological responses as the callus is
stretched by a proper rate and rhythm of mechanical
strain. This model also provides additional insights into
the molecular and cellular events during bone fracture
repair. TGF-B1 was significantly increased in both the
distracted callus and the fracture callus. The increased
level of TGF-Bl, together with a low concentration of
calcium and an enhanced level of collagen synthesis,
was maintained in the distracted callus as long as
mechanical strain was applied. Less mineralization is
also associated with a low level of osteocalcin
production. These observations provide further insights
into the molecular basis for the cellular events during
distraction osteogenesis.
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