Publication: El fin del crédito hipotecario censalista en España : ¿Una agonía demasiado larga? (1705-1861)
Authors
Tello, Enric
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Editora Regional de Murcia
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Publisher
Murcia : Editora Regional de Murcia
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
La última reducción del tipo legal de interés de los censos consignativos, del 5% al 3% dictada en 1705 ó 1750 en los diversos reinos de la monarquía española, no supuso ninguna crisis terminal para el sistema de crédito hipotecario censalista, donde la Iglesia ocupaba un papel central. Al igual que otras reducciones anteriores sirvió para ajustar el interés a la disminución de la rentabilidad de la compra y arriendo de tierras por el fuerte incremento de su valor patrimonial. El bloqueo final del sistema censalista se inició más tarde, entre 1790 y 1833, como consecuencia de la "huelga" de diezmos, rentas e intereses de todo tipo desatada por los campesinos, arrendatarios o enfiteutas, cuando la expansión agraria del siglo XVIII dejó de ser compatible con el marco institucional del Antiguo Régimen. Tras los vaivenes de la revolución liberal y las guerras civiles, la desamortización de censos de 1855-56, el concordato con la Santa Sede de 1860 y la nueva Ley Hipotecaria de 1861 abrieron el camino a la liquidación del sistema censalista en el último tercio del siglo XIX.
The last reduction of the legal interest rate for the perpetual mortgage rents, from 5 to 3% established in 1705 or 1750 in the several kingdoms of the Spanish monarchy, did not entail an ultimate crisis for a mortgage system where the Catholic Church played a central role. Similarly to other previous reductions, it adjusted the interest rate to the diminishing profits in renting the land due to the strong increase in its price. The mortgage system was blocked later on, between 1790 and 1833, as a result of the "strike" against tithes, land rents and perpetual mortgage rents that peasants, whether tenants or copyholders, started when the agrarian growth of the eighteenth century became incompatible with the institutional framework of the Ancien Régime. After the swings of liberal revolutions and civil wars, the way to transform the old mortgage system into a new liberal one was eventfully open with the redemptions of perpetual mortgage rents established in 1855-56, the signature of the agreement between the Spanish liberal government and the Pope in 1860, and the new mortgage law of 1861.
The last reduction of the legal interest rate for the perpetual mortgage rents, from 5 to 3% established in 1705 or 1750 in the several kingdoms of the Spanish monarchy, did not entail an ultimate crisis for a mortgage system where the Catholic Church played a central role. Similarly to other previous reductions, it adjusted the interest rate to the diminishing profits in renting the land due to the strong increase in its price. The mortgage system was blocked later on, between 1790 and 1833, as a result of the "strike" against tithes, land rents and perpetual mortgage rents that peasants, whether tenants or copyholders, started when the agrarian growth of the eighteenth century became incompatible with the institutional framework of the Ancien Régime. After the swings of liberal revolutions and civil wars, the way to transform the old mortgage system into a new liberal one was eventfully open with the redemptions of perpetual mortgage rents established in 1855-56, the signature of the agreement between the Spanish liberal government and the Pope in 1860, and the new mortgage law of 1861.
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