Publication: The importance of physical activity in osteoporosis. From the molecular pathways to the clinical evidence
Authors
Castrogiovanni, Paola ; Trovato, Francesca Maria ; Szychlinska, Marta Anna ; Nsir, Houda ; Imbesi, Rosa ; Musumeci, Giuseppe
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Publisher
Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de BiologĂa Celular e HistologĂa
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DOI
DOI:10.14670/HH-11-793
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a very common bone
disorder characterized by low bone mass and signs of
deterioration, responsible for bone fragility typical in
this pathology. The risk factors for the onset of
osteoporosis are many and different from each other.
Some of them cannot be modified, such as age,
hereditary diseases and endocrine diseases. Others are
modifiable, so that prevention is an advisable tool to
reduce the incidence of osteoporosis. Among preventive
tools, physical activity is certainly a valid instrument of
prevention, in fact physical activity contributes to a
healthy energy balance and increases muscle mass and
bone mass. In the present narrative review, we wanted to
pay attention to the possible influence of physical
activity on the pathophysiological molecular pathways
of osteoporosis and to the use of different exercise
training in treatment of osteoporosis. From the literature
analyzed, in relation to the effects of physical activity on
bone metabolism, it is shown that exercise acts on
molecular pathways of bone remodeling involving all
cellular types of bone tissue. In relation to clinical trials
adopted in patients with osteoporosis, it is evident that a
multi-component training, including aerobic activity and
other types of training (resistance and/or strength
exercises), is the best kind of exercise in improving bone
mass and bone metabolism in older adults and especially
osteopoenic and osteoporotic women. With regard to
whole-body-vibration training, it seems to be a valid
alternative to current methods due to its greater
adaptability to patients. In conclusion, physical activity,
whatever the adopted training, always has beneficial
effects on patients suffering from osteoporosis, and not
only on bone homeostasis but on the whole skeletal
muscle system.
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Citation
Histology and Histopathology, Vol.31, nÂş11, (2016)
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