Publication: Molecular mechanisms in bone mechanotransduction
Authors
Maycas, Marta ; Esbrit, Pedro ; Gortázar, Arancha R.
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Publisher
Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología
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DOI
DOI: 10.4670/HH-11-858
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Bone is one of the most adaptable tissues in
the body as it is continuously subjected to load bearing.
In fact, mechanical loading is an important regulator of
bone mass. The skeleton adjusts to load by changing its
mass, shape and microarchitecture, depending on the
magnitude of the strain. Mechanical stimulation is
necessary for the development of the skeleton, whereas
in adults physiological levels of strain help maintain
bone mass by reducing bone resorption. On the other
hand, an excessive level of strain or bone disuse induces
bone loss. Osteocytes are long-lived cells comprising
more than 90% of bone cellularity, which are embedded
in the bone matrix forming a functional syncytium
extending to the bone surface. These cells are considered
to be the main bone cells responsible for translating
mechanical strain into regulatory signals for osteoblasts
and osteoclasts, leading to adapting bone responses to
environmental changes. In this review, we discuss the
complexity and well-orchestrated events that occur in
bone mechanotransduction, focusing on osteocyte
viability as an important biological response in this
respect. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of
bone mechanotransduction and the key role of
osteocytes is opening new avenues for the treatment of
bone loss-related diseases.
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Citation
Histology and Histopathology, Vol.32, nº8, (2017)
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