Publication: Lymphangiogenesis and breast cancer metastasis
Authors
Cunnick, G.H. ; Jiang, W.G. ; Gomez, K.F. ; Mansel, R.E.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the commonest
malignancies in women in the western world. It spreads
predominantly via the lymphatic system. However, the
understanding of the formation of lymphatics,
lymphangiogenesis, has been limited. This has been
largely due to the previous lack of lymphatic specific
markers. The most specific marker used in humans has
been the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3
(VEGFR-3). However, this is also found on blood vessel
endothelium. The other vascular endothelial factor
receptors (VEGFR-1 and -2) are primarily blood vessel
receptors. More recently, novel, specific markers for
lymphatics have been discovered, such as LYVE-1,
prox1 and podoplanin, enabling further research into this
new field. Each of these new markers is described in
detail. The article also outlines the current understanding
in breast cancer metastasis, with an emphasis on the
more recent research into lymphangiogenesis. Since
these specific markers are now available, quantitation of
lymphangiogenesis is now possible by using either
immunohistochemistry or quantitative PCR approaches.
In addition, to breast cancer, research into many other
cancers is now possible using these methods and new
markers. With this in mind, possible therapeutic
strategies for the future are discussed.
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