Publication: Do chondrocytes undergo "activation" and "transdifferentiation" during the pathogenesis of
osteoarthritis? A review of the ultrastructural and
immunohistochemical evidence
Authors
Kourí, J.B. ; Lavalle, C.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Chondrocytes, which are the only cell type in
the articular cartilage, show substantial morphological
and functional differences, depending on their location
within the tissue. In OA cartilage, outstanding
modifications have been reported concerning their
structure and functions. Based on the principle that both
structure and function run in a parallel manner, new
concepts are arising related to morphological
observations. Observations on OA chondrocytes, such as
cytoskeleton disruption, development of the secretory
machinery (rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi
complex), and cell death by apoptosis, among others,
certainly must be related to the role of chondrocytes in
OA pathogenesis. In this degradative process, it has been
acknowledged that cell death, matrix degradation and
subchondral bone remodelling are the main causes of
cartilage breakdown in osteoarthritis. The aim of this
review was to correlate and integrate in a logical manner
the modifications of chondrocytes with cartilage
breakdown during osteoarthritis pathogenesis.
Furthermore, we intend to open a debate on cell cycle
and mitosis, as well as on signalling molecules that
might be involved in the morphofunctional changes in
OA chondrocytes, which we propose to name
“activation” and “transdifferentiation” of chondrocytes.
We expect this analysis to be useful for studying OA
pathogenesis in depth, with the aim of finding new
strategies for the early diagnosis and therapeutic
procedures for this invalidating disease, which is already
an important public health problem.
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