Publication: Development of the dynamic structure force lines of the middle ear ossicles in human foetuses
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Date
2008
Authors
Whyte, J. ; Cisneros, A. ; Yus, C. ; Obón, J. ; Whyte, A. ; Serrano, P. ; Pérez-Castejon, C. ; Vera, A.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Objectives: To study the ontogenic
development of the organisation of the human middle
ear ossicles structure. Material and methods: 46 human
temporal bones of ages varying from 32 days postconception
to newborns. Results: The development of
the structural organisation of the malleus begins at 16
weeks via two cortical fascicles situated in the neck; at
21 weeks they extend towards the head, at 23 weeks to
the lateral process and at 24 weeks to the handle. In the
handle, the force lines are transmitted via three cardinal
fascicles, two of them via the cortical fascicle and one
via the centre, which starts after 29 weeks' development
and is consolidated after 31 weeks.
In the incus the force lines start at 16 weeks via two
cortical fascicles situated in the long process, which
progressively extend in a rostro-caudal direction
between 17 and 20 weeks. At 21 weeks they occupy the
whole extension of the long process and at 22 weeks the
fusion of both cortical fascicles begins. From 30 weeks
onwards it is strengthened by the crossing of bone
trabeculae from one cortical to another. Two fascicles
come out of the incus body, surrounding the medullary
cavity and going in the direction of the short process.
In the beginning, the stapes have two cortical fascicles in their crura. The remodelling process makes
the internal cortical fascicle disappear and after 31
weeks all the force lines run through the external cortical
fascicle. The tympanic membrane of the stapes footplate
undergoes a remodelling process and after 28 weeks
bony trabeculae are deposited.
In newborns (40 weeks), the ossicles’ structure is
cavitary and has not been completed. The fan-shaped
trabecular fascicle, which starts in the articular facets of
the malleus and the incus, still has to develop.
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