Publication: Adversarialidad e injusticia discursiva en contextos argumentativos.
Authors
Haro Marchal, Amalia
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Publisher
ACEP. Ateneo de Estudios Políticos.
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
En este artículo, defiendo que las normas que regulan los intercambios argumentativos, como las normas de adversarialidad y cortesía, junto con su interacción con factores como la identidad social de la hablante, pueden generar situaciones de injusticia discursiva, en las que la fuerza ilocucionaria del acto de argumentar se ve distorsionada por el interlocutor. Sostengo, además, que cuando estas injusticias afectan a los actos de habla de argumentar, el daño infligido a la hablante es particularmente insidioso, ya que limita su capacidad para emplear la argumentación como un recurso legítimo y necesario en situaciones en las que se necesita respaldar y validar otros actos de habla. Finalmente, argumento que este fenómeno no solo socava la capacidad de argumentar de la persona, sino que, en casos extremos, puede reforzar dinámicas de exclusión más amplias, dando lugar al silenciamiento de la hablante e incluso a la pérdida de la percepción de la posibilidad misma de argumentar.
Abstract: In this article, I argue that the norms governing argumentative exchanges—such as norms of adversariality and politeness—and their interaction with factors like the speaker’s social identity can give rise to situations of discursive injustice, in which the illocutionary force of the act of arguing is distorted by the interlocutor. I further contend that when such injustices affect speech acts of arguing, the harm inflicted on the speaker is particularly insidious, as it limits her ability to use argumentation as a legitimate and necessary resource in situations where backing up and validating other speech acts is required. Finally, I argue that this phenomenon not only undermines the speaker’s capacity to argue, but in extreme cases may reinforce broader dynamics of exclusion, leading to her silencing and even to the loss of the very perception of the possibility of arguing.
Abstract: In this article, I argue that the norms governing argumentative exchanges—such as norms of adversariality and politeness—and their interaction with factors like the speaker’s social identity can give rise to situations of discursive injustice, in which the illocutionary force of the act of arguing is distorted by the interlocutor. I further contend that when such injustices affect speech acts of arguing, the harm inflicted on the speaker is particularly insidious, as it limits her ability to use argumentation as a legitimate and necessary resource in situations where backing up and validating other speech acts is required. Finally, I argue that this phenomenon not only undermines the speaker’s capacity to argue, but in extreme cases may reinforce broader dynamics of exclusion, leading to her silencing and even to the loss of the very perception of the possibility of arguing.
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Citation
Pensamiento al margen, n. 22, 2025, p. 102-115.
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