Hierarchical organization and skilled workforces for constructing the Tartessic earthen building at Casas del Turuñuelo (Guareña, Spain)

Cutillas Victoria, Benjamin; Lorenzon, Marta; Rodríguez González, Esther; Celestino Pérez, Sebastián

Publication:
Hierarchical organization and skilled workforces for constructing the Tartessic earthen building at Casas del Turuñuelo (Guareña, Spain)

dc.contributor.author	Cutillas Victoria, Benjamin
dc.contributor.author	Lorenzon, Marta
dc.contributor.author	Rodríguez González, Esther
dc.contributor.author	Celestino Pérez, Sebastián
dc.contributor.department	Prehistoria, Arqueología, Historia Antigua, Historia Medieval y Ciencias y Técnicas Historiográficas
dc.date.accessioned	2025-01-10T10:40:14Z
dc.date.available	2025-01-10T10:40:14Z
dc.date.issued	2024-08-31
dc.description	© 2024 The Author(s). This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This document is the Published version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Scientific Reports. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-70374-x	es
dc.description.abstract	This article presents the results of the geoarchaeological study of earthen building materials used in a Tartessic public building at Casas del Turuñuelo. The construction dates back to the fifth century BCE and is one of the monumental buildings of Tartessic culture, characterized by its complex architecture, prestige goods, and intentional destruction after a feast and animal sacrifice. We applied an integrated methodology combining macro and micro approaches to investigate earthen construction processes, such as techniques, labour organization, workers’ specialization, and environmental exploitation. The sample mainly consists of mudbricks, but we also include other forms of earthen materials such as mud plasters, mud mortars, and geological soils for comparison. In total, 64 samples from different building parts were studied through X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, thin-section petrography, and CHN analyses. The results reveal that the workforce involved in the construction process used different resources and presented different skill levels, but was centrally planned and organized. This study reflects on the communities’ knowledge of the environment, the logistic effort and technical skill employed in the building process, and the existence of strong political structures capable of managing the erection of the complex Tartessic buildings.	es
dc.format	application/pdf	es
dc.format.extent	15	es
dc.identifier.citation	Scientific Reports, 2024, Vol. 14 : 20286
dc.identifier.doi	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-70374-x
dc.identifier.issn	Electronic: 2045-2322
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10201/148208
dc.language	eng	es
dc.publisher	Nature Research	es
dc.relation	This work is part of the research projects “Building Tartessus 2.0. Constructive, spatial and territorial analysis of an architectural model in the middle valley of the Guadiana (PID2019-108180GB-I00, 2020–2023, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation), “Building sustainability: investigating earthen architecture and social practices in the Ancient Near East” (University of Helsinki, ML) and "Building in New Lands" (Kone Foundation, ML). BCV is a ‘Margarita Salas’ postdoctoral fellow funded by the European Union—NextGenerationEU. ERG is a ‘Juan de la Cierva—Incorporación’ postdoctoral fellow within the IJC2019-040888 financed by MCIN/AEI/https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033. Open access funded by Helsinki University Library.	es
dc.relation.publisherversion	https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-70374-x	es
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess	es
dc.rights	Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional	*
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/	*
dc.subject	Archaeology	es
dc.subject	Geochemistry	es
dc.title	Hierarchical organization and skilled workforces for constructing the Tartessic earthen building at Casas del Turuñuelo (Guareña, Spain)	es
dc.type	info:eu-repo/semantics/article	es
dspace.entity.type	Publication	es