Publication: Hematoencephalic barrier. Ultrastructure and histophysiology of the endothelium capillary of the neuronal nuclei of the mesencephalon
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Date
1992
Authors
González Santander, R. ; Martínez Cuadrado, G. ; González-Santander Martínez, M. ; Toledo Lobo, M.V. ; Martínez Alonso, F.J.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
The ultrastucture of the dorsal
periaqueductal nucleus capillaries of the mesencephalon
in the cat was studied under the electron microscope in
relation to the hematoencephalic barrier, and its four
structural levels: l. Endothelium; 2. Basa1 membrane;
3, Pericytes; and 4. Glial prolongations. An analysis
was performed of what occurs in these four components
(in a non-experimental histophysiological state, and
without manipulation by markers) in the thinnest
capillaries of the centre of the mesencephalic neuronal
nucleus. Special attention was placed on the first
diffusion barrier formed by the endothelium capillary as
the intimate guardian of the Central Nervous System
(C.N.S) neurons. The C.N.S. capillaries are formed
from the continuous endothelium, with no fenestrations,
and hermetic joining complexes, without pinocytosis
vesicles on both sides of the plasmatic membrane
(adluminal and external), and surrounded by a
continuous basal membrane. The non-fenestrated
capillaries of the C.N.S. are less permeable than those
with similar characteristics located in other areas. In the
C.N.S. these capillaries form a selective physiological
barrier which determines the size of the molecules that
are permitted to cross the capillary wall. It is suggested
that the electron-dense globules found in the
endothelium cytoplasm may be molecules assimilated
from the blood, which might represent the first level or
step to the selective diffusion entrusted to the
hematoencephalic barrier. It is also suggested that the
elongated electron-dense particles found in the
endothelium cytoplasm and basal membrane may be
macromolecules which are normally retained for an
active defensive function. They would represent the first
and second level or steps of the retention performed by
the hematoencephalic barrier which blocks their passage
to the confined space of the perivascular capillary.
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