Publication: lnteractions between cerebellar Purkinje cells and their associated astrocytes
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Date
2001
Authors
Seil, F.J.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Some neurons, including cerebellar Purkinje
cells, are completely ensheathed by astrocytes. When
granule cell neurons and functional glia were eliminated
from newborn mouse cerebellar cultures by initial
exposure to a DNA synthesis inhibitor, .Purkinje cells
lacked glial sheaths and there was a tremendous
sprouting of Purkinje cell recurrent axon collaterals,
terminals of which hyperinnervated Purkinje cell
somata, including persistent somatic spines, and formed
heterotypical synapses with Purkinje cell dendritic
spines, sites usually occupied by parallel fiber (granule
cell axon) terminals. Purkinje cells in such preparations
failed to develop complex spikes when recorded from
intracellularly, and their membrane input resistances
were low, making them less sensitive to inhibitory input.
If granule cells and oligodendrocytes were eliminated,
but astrocytes were not compromised, sprouting of
recurrent axon collaterals occurred and their terminals
projected to Purkinje cell dendritic spines, but the
Purkinje cells had astrocytic sheaths, their somata were
not hyperinnervated, the somatic spines had disappeared,
complex spike discharges predominated, and membrane
input resistance was like that of Purkinje cells in
untreated control cultures. When cerebellar cultures
without granule cells and glia were transplanted with
granule cells andlor glia from another source, a series of
changes occurred that included stripping of excess
Purkinje cell axosomatic synapses by astrocytic
processes, reduction of heterotypical axospinous
synapses in the presence of astrocytes, disappearance of
Purkinje cell somatic spines with astrocytic
ensheathment, and proliferation of Purkinje cell
dendritic spines after the introduction of astrocytes.
Dendritic spine proliferation was followed by formation
of homotypical axospinous synapses when granule cells
were present or persistente as unattached spines in the
absence of granule cells. The results of these studies
indicate that astrocytes regulate the numbers of Purkinje
cell axosomatic and axospinous synapses, induce Purkinje cell dendritic spine proliferation, and promote
the structural and functional maturation of Purkinje cells.
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