Publication: The role of TET family proteins and
5-hydroxymethylcytosine in human tumors
Authors
Wu, Yi-Chen ; Ling, Zhi-Qiang
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Publisher
F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia: Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Tumorigenesis correlates with hypermethylation
of tumor suppressors and hypomethylation
of oncogenes. DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs)
catalyze DNA methylation, and mutations and aberrant
expression in DNMT genes are found in multiple human
tumors. The discovery of the DNA demethylation
function of TET proteins has opened up new avenues for
the study of DNA methylation regulation. TET proteins
regulate the DNA demethylation pathway through
oxidizing 5-mC into 5-hmC, 5-fC, and 5-aC. TET genes
have been reported to be frequently mutated in
hematopoietic malignancies and are associated with the
malignant transformation of cells. Loss-of-function
mutations in TET genes have not been reported in human
solid tumors. However, 5-hmC has been found to be
reduced in various solid tumors, indicating that TET
genes may contribute to cellular transformation via
regulation of DNA demethylation. As a new epigenetic
modification, 5-hmC may be a useful biomarker for the
diagnosis of cancers. To better understand the roles of
TET and 5-hmC in tumors, the biological functions of
TET and 5-hmC should be studied further.
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Citation
Histology and Histopathology, vol. 29, nº 8, (2014)
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