Publication: "Ciencia de la salud" y "Ciencia de las costumbres : higienismo y educación en el siglo XVIII.
Authors
Bolufer Peruga, Mónica
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Editora Regional de Murcia
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Murcia : Editora Regional de Murcia
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Abstract
En el siglo XVIII la preocupación por el mantenimiento de la salud a través de hábitos de vida correctos se difundió ampliamente en tratados pedagógicos, obras médicas de divulgación, literatura de creación, en particular novelas, y prensa periódica. Educación e higiene constituyeron parte inseparable de los proyectos del reformismo ilustrado, en los que reforma de la sociedad y reforma del individuo se conectaban estrechamente. En este artículo se estudian las vías de difusión del higienismo, se analizan los principios compartidos por médicos y educadores acerca de la íntima relación entre mente y cuerpo, los vínculos entre salud y moral y entre bienestar individual y utilidad colectiva, y se analizan el significado social y moral de las nuevas pautas de educación física y hábitos de salud. De ese modo, se interpreta el higienismo como una nueva disciplina del cuerpo que caló en el siglo XVIII entre las élites ilustradas, con amplias implicaciones sociales, morales y políticas.
During the eighteenth century, promoting health through the adoption of good habits became a common aim in pedagogical treatises, domestic medicine works, literature, particulary the novel, and journals. Hygiene and education were an important part of the projects of enlightened reformism, in which social reform and the reform of the individual were tightly connected. This paper focuses on the ways hygiene was popularized, the convictions shared by physicians and educators about the mind-body relationship and about the connections between health and morals, individual well-being and social utility, and analyzes the social and moral meaning of the new habits of health and physical education. Thus, hygiene is read as a new discipline of the body which grew popular in the eighteenth century among the enlightened elites and acquired wide social, moral and political implications.
During the eighteenth century, promoting health through the adoption of good habits became a common aim in pedagogical treatises, domestic medicine works, literature, particulary the novel, and journals. Hygiene and education were an important part of the projects of enlightened reformism, in which social reform and the reform of the individual were tightly connected. This paper focuses on the ways hygiene was popularized, the convictions shared by physicians and educators about the mind-body relationship and about the connections between health and morals, individual well-being and social utility, and analyzes the social and moral meaning of the new habits of health and physical education. Thus, hygiene is read as a new discipline of the body which grew popular in the eighteenth century among the enlightened elites and acquired wide social, moral and political implications.
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