Publication: Efectos del programa Promociona contra el fracaso escolar en alumnos de etnia gitana
Authors
Aguilar Jurado, Miguel Ángel ; Gil Madrona, Pedro ; Ortega Dato, Juan Francisco
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Publisher
Universidad de Murcia. Servicio de Publicaciones
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DOI
http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/rie.396131
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Uno de los colectivos más afectados por el fracaso escolar, en España, se corresponde con
el pueblo gitano. En este estudio, se realizó una investigación sobre el programa Promociona,
diseñado como herramienta para el éxito escolar y normalización educativa de la población gitana.
Se planteó un estudio de casos y controles, apareado en proporción 1:1, para analizar los efectos
educativos y económicos de Promociona. Para ello, se observaron 223 alumnos gitanos, pertenecientes
al grado 4º ESO y participantes en Promociona, durante el curso académico 2017/18,
como grupo de casos. Para constituir el grupo control, se tomó una muestra aleatoria simple de
223 alumnos gitanos con las mismas características que el grupo de casos pero no participantes
en Promociona, durante el mismo periodo de estudio. Como métodos estadísticos, se utilizaron
técnicas descriptivas (frecuencias) e inferenciales (regresión logística binaria, test de Wald, y
odds-ratio). Como principales resultados, se obtuvieron que la participación en Promociona
se evidenció significativa, al 95% de confianza, en el éxito escolar (p < 0,05). La probabilidad
de obtener éxito escolar resultó 3,22 veces mayor en Promociona que en el grupo control. Los
factores significativos, al 95% de confianza, del éxito escolar del programa Promociona fueron
el Personal (p = 0,028), la Ayuda Extraescolar (p = 0,021) y las Tutorías (p = 0,042). El coste
del fracaso escolar en Promociona fue 2,25 veces menor que para el grupo control. Se concluyó que Promociona colabora en el éxito escolar de alumnos de etnia gitana; y genera unos menores
costes económicos educativos para este colectivo poblacional.
One of the groups most affected by school failure, in Spain, is the Spanish Roma population. The current study was developed to investigate the Promociona program, which was designed as a tool for school success and educational standardization of the Spanish Roma population. A matched case-control study (1:1 ratio) was proposed to analyze the educational and economic effects of Promociona. For this purpose, as the case group, 223 gypsy students belonging to the 4th year of secondary education and participating in Promociona, were analyzed during the 2017-18 academic year. To create the control group, a simple random sample of 223 gypsy students was taken, with the same characteristics as the case group, but not participating in Promociona during the same study period. Statistical methods used were descriptive (frequencies) and inferential techniques (binary logistic regression, Wald test and odds-ratio). The main results were that participation in Promociona was significantly related to school success, at the 95% confidence level. The probability of obtaining school success was 3.22 times higher in Promociona than in the control group. The significant factors of school success in the Promociona program, at 95% confidence, were the Staff (p = 0.028), Extracurricular Help (p = 0.021) and Tutoring (p = 0.042). The cost of school failure in Promociona was 2.25 times lower than in the control group. We concluded that Promociona facilitates the school success of Spanish Roma students and generates lower economic educational costs for this population group.
One of the groups most affected by school failure, in Spain, is the Spanish Roma population. The current study was developed to investigate the Promociona program, which was designed as a tool for school success and educational standardization of the Spanish Roma population. A matched case-control study (1:1 ratio) was proposed to analyze the educational and economic effects of Promociona. For this purpose, as the case group, 223 gypsy students belonging to the 4th year of secondary education and participating in Promociona, were analyzed during the 2017-18 academic year. To create the control group, a simple random sample of 223 gypsy students was taken, with the same characteristics as the case group, but not participating in Promociona during the same study period. Statistical methods used were descriptive (frequencies) and inferential techniques (binary logistic regression, Wald test and odds-ratio). The main results were that participation in Promociona was significantly related to school success, at the 95% confidence level. The probability of obtaining school success was 3.22 times higher in Promociona than in the control group. The significant factors of school success in the Promociona program, at 95% confidence, were the Staff (p = 0.028), Extracurricular Help (p = 0.021) and Tutoring (p = 0.042). The cost of school failure in Promociona was 2.25 times lower than in the control group. We concluded that Promociona facilitates the school success of Spanish Roma students and generates lower economic educational costs for this population group.
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Citation
Revista de Investigación Educativa, RIE, V. 38, N. 2, 2020, pp. 345-358
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