Publication: Estudio comparativo entre la Tomografía Computarizada Postmortem y la obducción del cadáver
Authors
Martínez Esquiva, David
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Facultades de la UMU::Facultad de Medicina
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Osuna Carrillo-Albornoz, Eduardo Javier ; Hernández del Rincón, Juan Pedro
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info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
Description
Abstract
Introducción. La medicina forense se apoya cada vez más en técnicas de imagen para la investigación de la etiología de muerte. La tomografía computarizada postmortem (TCPM) ofrece una evaluación no invasiva y rápida de la anatomía interna del cadáver, proporcionando una posible alternativa a la obducción. Este trabajo examina la aplicación de la TCPM como técnica complementaria a la autopsia en el Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses (IMLCF) de Murcia entre 2020 y 2023.
Objetivos. El objetivo principal es caracterizar los hallazgos forenses obtenidos mediante TCPM y compararlos con los hallazgos de la obducción. El objetivo secundario es describir el uso de la TCPM en casos donde no se realizó obducción o donde su aplicación fue limitada.
Material y Métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional de diseño retrospectivo basado en los informes de autopsias realizadas en el IMLCF entre 2020 y 2023. Los datos se agruparon en tres categorías:
-Grupo 1: Casos con hallazgos comparables entre TCPM y obducción.
-Grupo 2: Casos donde la TCPM sólo descartó fracturas.
-Grupo 3: Casos donde la obducción fue evitada debido a infección por SARS-CoV-2.
Resultados.
-Grupo 1: La TCPM mostró ventajas significativas sobre la obducción en la detección de lesiones esqueléticas, especialmente en cráneo y pelvis.
-Grupo 2: La TCPM proporcionó un análisis preliminar para descartar fracturas, lo que permitió dirigir la obducción al descartar una etiología traumática.
-Grupo 3: La TCPM facilitó el estudio en casos COVID-19, evitando la obducción y reduciendo el riesgo de contagio.
Conclusiones. La TCPM proporciona una herramienta complementaria a la autopsia, especialmente en la detección de lesiones esqueléticas y en situaciones de riesgo de infección. Se evidencia la necesidad de formación en imágenes forenses y de protocolos estandarizados para maximizar su potencial diagnóstico. Además, se recomienda la instalación de equipos de TCPM en centros forenses.
Introduction. Forensic medicine increasingly relies on imaging techniques to investigate the etiology of death. Postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) offers a non-invasive and rapid assessment of the internal anatomy of the cadaver, providing a potential alternative to internal autopsy. This study examines the application of PMCT as a complementary technique to autopsy at the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (IMLCF) in Murcia from 2020 to 2023. Objectives. The primary goal is to characterize forensic findings obtained through PMCT and compare them with autopsy findings. The secondary objective is to describe the use of PMCT in cases where no internal autopsy was performed or where its application was limited. Materials and Methods. An observational study with a retrospective design was conducted based on autopsy reports from the IMLCF between 2020 and 2023. The data were grouped into three categories: - Group 1: Cases with comparable findings between PMCT and internal autopsy. - Group 2: Cases where PMCT only ruled out fractures. - Group 3: Cases where autopsy was avoided due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results. - Group 1: PMCT demonstrated significant advantages over autopsy in detecting skeletal injuries, especially in the skull and pelvis. - Group 2: PMCT provided preliminary analysis to rule out fractures, allowing for targeted autopsy after excluding a traumatic etiology. - Group 3: PMCT facilitated the study in COVID-19 cases, avoiding internal autopsy and reducing the risk of contagion. Conclusions. PMCT serves as a complementary tool to autopsy, particularly in the detection of skeletal injuries and in situations with risk of infection. The need for training in forensic imaging and standardized protocols is evidente to maximize its diagnostic potential. Furthermore, the installation of PMCT equipment in forensic centers is recommended.
Introduction. Forensic medicine increasingly relies on imaging techniques to investigate the etiology of death. Postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) offers a non-invasive and rapid assessment of the internal anatomy of the cadaver, providing a potential alternative to internal autopsy. This study examines the application of PMCT as a complementary technique to autopsy at the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (IMLCF) in Murcia from 2020 to 2023. Objectives. The primary goal is to characterize forensic findings obtained through PMCT and compare them with autopsy findings. The secondary objective is to describe the use of PMCT in cases where no internal autopsy was performed or where its application was limited. Materials and Methods. An observational study with a retrospective design was conducted based on autopsy reports from the IMLCF between 2020 and 2023. The data were grouped into three categories: - Group 1: Cases with comparable findings between PMCT and internal autopsy. - Group 2: Cases where PMCT only ruled out fractures. - Group 3: Cases where autopsy was avoided due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results. - Group 1: PMCT demonstrated significant advantages over autopsy in detecting skeletal injuries, especially in the skull and pelvis. - Group 2: PMCT provided preliminary analysis to rule out fractures, allowing for targeted autopsy after excluding a traumatic etiology. - Group 3: PMCT facilitated the study in COVID-19 cases, avoiding internal autopsy and reducing the risk of contagion. Conclusions. PMCT serves as a complementary tool to autopsy, particularly in the detection of skeletal injuries and in situations with risk of infection. The need for training in forensic imaging and standardized protocols is evidente to maximize its diagnostic potential. Furthermore, the installation of PMCT equipment in forensic centers is recommended.
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