Publication: Design and Validation of the Tactical Assessment Instrument in Football (TAIS)
Authors
Barquero-Ruiz, Carmen ; Arias-Estero, José L. ; Kirk, David
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Publisher
Taylor & Francis Group
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2021.1889457
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
©2021. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
This document is the Accepted, version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. To access the final edited and published work see
https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2021.1889457
Abstract
The focus on tactics has made assessment more difficult due to the lack of knowledge in the topic
and the limitations of current tactical assessment instruments. Purpose: To design and validate
a tactical assessment instrument in youth football (TAIS) following an exhaustive, ecological and
meticulous process and dealing with the limitations found in the literature. Method: The design
was divided in two stages related to its development and validation. During the development
stage: (a) a preliminary list of criteria was determined through a literature review; (b) the criteria
were delimited through an exploratory observation; and (c) the adequacy of the criteria was
determined by consulting experts. In the validation stage: (a) content and comprehension validity
were obtained by consulting experts and through a systematic game observation; (b) construct
validity was obtained by comparing the tactical outcomes from two groups with different skill
levels; (c) criterion validity was established by comparing the tactical outcome using Game
Performance Assessment Instrument and the present instrument, and (d) the reliability was
obtained through inter-rater reliability. Results: The research process showed that the instrument
is a valid and reliable tool comprised of 22 criteria to assess tactical outcomes in 8–12 years old
youth football. Conclusion: The TAIS presents several advantages in practical terms with respect to
assessment. First, it allows assessment of the three tactical levels nested in the unit of observation.
Second, it considers all the player roles. Third, results are presented without general indexes.
Fourth, it can be used to assess participants from all the institutional contexts. Finally, it includes
contextual variables.
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Citation
Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport AFD-B42 2022, Vol. 93, Nº. 3, 615–632
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