Publication: Transient structures of the human fetal brain: Subplate, thalamic reticular complex, ganglionic eminence
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Date
2000
Authors
Ulfig, N. ; Neudorfer, F. ; Bohl, J.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Morphological features of the subplate, the
thalamic reticular complex and the ganglionic eminence,
which represent three major transient structures of the
human fetal forebrain, are summarized with special
reference to their functional roles. The subplate
harboring various neuronal types is an outstandingly
wide zone subjacent to the cortical plate in the human
fetal brain. Within the subplate various cortical afferents
establish synaptic contacts for a prolonged period before
entering the cortical plate. Therefore, the subplate is
regarded as a "waiting compartment" which is required
for the formation of mature cortical connections. Next to
the thalamic reticular nucleus, within the fibers of
internal capsule, the perireticular nucleus is located
which has been established as a distinct entity during
development. Its various neuronal types express a
number of different neuroactive substances. Perinatally,
the perireticular nucleus is drastically reduced in size. It
is involved in the guidance of corticofugal and
thalamocortical fibers. The ganglionic eminence is a
conspicuous proliferative area that persists throughout
nearly the entire fetal period. In the human fetal brain it
extends medially upon the dorsal thalamic nuclei which
receive precursor cells from the ganglionic eminence.
Postmitotic cells in the marginal zone of the ganglionic
eminence serve as an intermediate target for growing
axons. On the whole, all three structures establish
transient neural circuitries that may be essential for the
formation of adult projections. The characteristics of the
three transient structures are particularly relevant for
developmental neuropathology as these structures may
be damaged in disorders that preferentially occur in
preterm infants.
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