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Transparency in Cognitive Training Meta-analyses: A Meta-review

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dc.contributor.authorLópez Nicolás, Rubén
dc.contributor.authorSandoval Lentisco, Alejandro
dc.contributor.authorTortajada Gomariz, Miriam
dc.contributor.authorLópez López, José Antonio
dc.contributor.authorSánchez Meca, Julio
dc.contributor.departmentPsicología Básica y Metodología
dc.contributor.otherFacultad de Psicología y Logopedia
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-17T11:55:12Z
dc.date.available2026-02-17T11:55:12Z
dc.date.copyright© The Author(s) 2024
dc.date.created2024
dc.date.issued2024-04-19
dc.description.abstractMeta-analyses often present flexibility regarding their inclusion criteria, outcomes of interest, statistical analyses, and assessments of the primary studies. For this reason, it is necessary to transparently report all the information that could impact the results. In this meta-review, we aimed to assess the transparency of meta-analyses that examined the benefits of cognitive training, given the ongoing controversy that exists in this field. Ninety-seven meta-analytic reviews were included, which examined a wide range of populations with different clinical conditions and ages. Regarding the reporting, information about the search of the studies, screening procedure, or data collection was detailed by most reviews. However, authors usually failed to report other aspects such as the specific meta-analytic parameters, the formula used to compute the effect sizes, or the data from primary studies that were used to compute the effect sizes. Although some of these practices have improved over the years, others remained the same. Moreover, examining the eligibility criteria of the reviews revealed a great heterogeneity in aspects such as the training duration, age cut-offs, or study designs that were considered. Preregistered meta-analyses often specified poorly how they would deal with the multiplicity of data or assess publication bias in their protocols, and some contained non-disclosed deviations in their eligibility criteria or outcomes of interests. The findings shown here, although they do not question the benefits of cognitive training, illustrate important aspects that future reviews must consider.
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dc.format.extent18
dc.identifier.citationSandoval-Lentisco, A., López-Nicolás, R., Tortajada, M., López-López, J. A., & Sánchez-Meca, J. (2025). Transparency in cognitive training meta-analyses: a meta-review. Neuropsychology Review, 35(2), 301-318.
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-024-09638-2
dc.identifier.eissn1573-6660
dc.identifier.issn1040-7308
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10201/206621
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherSpringer Nature
dc.relationThis study was funded by Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Government of Spain) and by FEDER Funds, AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (grant nos. PID2019‐104033GA‐I00 and PID2019‐104080 GB‐I00) as well as by the Region of Murcia (Spain) through the Regional Program for the Promotion of Scientific and Technical Research of Excellence (Action Plan 2022) of the Seneca Foundation - Science and Technology Agency of the Region of Murcia (grant no. 22064/PI/22).
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11065-024-09638-2
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International*
dc.rights.accessRightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.subjectMeta-review
dc.subjectTransparency
dc.subjectPractices
dc.subjectEligibility criteria
dc.subjectCognitive training
dc.subject.odsNo relacionado con ningún objetivo de desarrollo sostenible
dc.titleTransparency in Cognitive Training Meta-analyses: A Meta-review
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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