Publication: "Quería que otros estaban siempre interesados en mí”: Un estudio de casos sobre el uso del subjuntivo en aprendices polacos de ELE
Authors
Castro Cruz, Marina
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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Abstract
El presente estudio parte de la dificultad en torno al uso del subjuntivo que, con
frecuencia, encuentra el alumnado que aprende español. Así, hemos tomado un
conjunto limitado de muestras de lengua producidas por aprendices de español cuya
lengua materna es el polaco para, a partir de la identificación de los errores
contenidos en las muestras, poder describir cómo usan el subjuntivo español este tipo
de hablantes. La elección de aprendices de español de procedencia polaca viene
determinada, fundamentalmente, por la ausencia de subjuntivo en polaco, de manera
que sea posible determinar si la distancia entre la LM y la L2 condiciona la aparición
de errores. Las muestras de lengua en las que apoyamos nuestro estudio de casos se
componen de producciones orales y escritas de hablantes polacos de niveles A2, B1,
B2 y C1. Estas muestras han permitido identificar un total de 25 errores que,
detenidamente analizados, hemos dividido en dos grandes bloques: a) errores en
torno a la elección del modo; b) errores en torno a la elección de una forma verbal del
paradigma de subjuntivo. Los resultados evidencian un escaso uso del modo
subjuntivo, en oposición a una preferencia muy marcada por el indicativo. Como
demostraremos, el alumnado, por un lado, no reconoce los contextos propios del
subjuntivo, de ahí que opte frecuentemente por verbos en indicativo y, por otro, no
percibe con nitidez las diferencias temporales que se establecen entre las formas del
aquel paradigma
This study is based on the difficulties that Spanish learners frequently have when learning the Spanish subjunctive. In order to achieve that we took a limited amount of samples and identified recurring errors to describe how these speakers use the subjunctive mode. The samples were produced by Polish native speakers studying Spanish. These speakers where chosen due to the absence of a subjunctive mood in Polish, so it will be possible to determine if the distance between their mother tongue and the L2 conditions the occurrence of errors. The language samples are composed by oral and written productions of Polish speakers at levels A2, B1, B2 and C1. The samples allowed the identification of 25 errors. After being analysed, these errors have been divided into two blocks: a) errors when choosing a verbal mode; b) errors when choosing a subjunctive verbal paradigm. The results show little use of subjunctive mode, as opposed to a strong preference for indicative. On one hand, students do not recognize the contexts of the subjunctive and they tend to use indicative verbs. On the other hand, they do not perceive the temporal differences established between the forms of that paradigm.
This study is based on the difficulties that Spanish learners frequently have when learning the Spanish subjunctive. In order to achieve that we took a limited amount of samples and identified recurring errors to describe how these speakers use the subjunctive mode. The samples were produced by Polish native speakers studying Spanish. These speakers where chosen due to the absence of a subjunctive mood in Polish, so it will be possible to determine if the distance between their mother tongue and the L2 conditions the occurrence of errors. The language samples are composed by oral and written productions of Polish speakers at levels A2, B1, B2 and C1. The samples allowed the identification of 25 errors. After being analysed, these errors have been divided into two blocks: a) errors when choosing a verbal mode; b) errors when choosing a subjunctive verbal paradigm. The results show little use of subjunctive mode, as opposed to a strong preference for indicative. On one hand, students do not recognize the contexts of the subjunctive and they tend to use indicative verbs. On the other hand, they do not perceive the temporal differences established between the forms of that paradigm.
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