Publication: Habitat type mediates equilibrium with climatic conditions in the distribution of Iberian diving beetles
Authors
Sánchez Fernández, David ; Lobo, Jorge M. ; Millán, Andrés ; Ribera, Ignacio
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Publisher
Wiley
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2011.00743.x
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
©2012.This document is the Published version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Global Ecology and BiogeographyTo access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2011.00743.x
Abstract
Aim The contrasting habitat permanence over geological time-scales of lotic and
lentic habitats may impose different constraints on the dispersal ability of their
macroinvertebrate populations, and ultimately on the degree of equilibrium with
current climate. We aim to test for differences between species typical of either
habitat type in their potential versus realized distributions as a surrogate measure of
degree of climate equilibrium, both in refuges and more recently deglaciated areas.
Location Western Europe.
Methods We focus on 99 Iberian diving beetles (family Dytiscidae). A multidimensional
envelope procedure was used to estimate their potential distributions,
which were projected for different spatial scales. At the continental scale we calculated
the percentage of countries with climatically suitable conditions for each
species over those actually occupied (range filling). At the regional scale, we estimated
realized distributions using: (1) convex hull polygons for Sweden and the
Iberian Peninsula; and (2) generalized linear models for the Iberian Peninsula.
Results In the Iberian Peninsula, differences in the degree of equilibrium with
climatic conditions between lotic and lentic species were few, if any.However, at the
continental scale we found significant differences, with lentic species closer to
equilibrium than lotic species. In the recently deglaciated area (Sweden) the subset
of species with ranges wide enough to encompass Iberia and Scandinavia were
mostly lentic, and all were closer to climatic equilibrium without significant differences
between habitat types.
Main conclusions Our results show that, at continental scales, climate equilibrium
is not concordant between the habitat types across western Europe. We
hypothesize that: (1) the differences between refuge areas in dispersal ability are
erased probably due to long-term climatic stability, allowing enough time to reach
equilibrium, and (2) the species with wide geographical ranges able to recolonize
recently deglaciated areas should have the highest dispersal abilities, and are closer
to climatic equilibrium.
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Citation
Global Ecology and Biogeography, (Global Ecol. Biogeogr.) (2012) 21, 988–997
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