Publication: La producción de aceite y vino en la villa romana de Milreu (Estói): el éxito del modelo catoniano en la Lusitania
Authors
Teichner, Felix
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Publisher
Murcia: Universidad de Murcia, Editum
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Las investigaciones realizadas durante varios años por un equipo germano-luso en
la villa romana de Milreu (Estói, Portugal), han posibilitado la definición detallada de
la producción agrícola del territorio de la metropolis portuaria de Ossonoba (Faro),
localizada al sur de la Lusitania.
Siguiendo las indicaciones del famoso libro de Catón, la industria agrícola centrada
en la exportación de vino y aceite se desarrollaría en la zona desde inicios de época
imperial romana.
La
pars rustica
cuenta con dos partes: un
lagar de aceite con cinco prensas y
una
bodega de vino con sus tres correspondientes prensas. El
lagar de aceite
merece especial
atención por ser el más grande y mejor investigado de estas características en toda la
provincia de la Lusitania. Los volúmenes de producción calculados llevan a pensar en
una conexión directa entre la costa del sur de la Lusitania, así como con las estructuras
económicas y las vías de distribución de la adyacente provincia Baetica. La
bodega de
vino de
Milreu alcanzó ya en la Tardoantigüedad una capacidad de producción com
-
parable a las de las conocidas
villae viticoles
de
São Cucufate (Vidigueira) y Torre de
Palma (Montforte).
Los resultados de los estudios tanto estratigráficos como de las estructuras ar
-
quitectónicas, han posibilitado el establecimiento de dos fases cronológicas dife
-
renciadas en el desarrollo de la
pars urbana
.
La evolución desde una sencilla casa de
peristilo de mediados de época imperial a una lujosa villa suburbana en la Tardo
-
antigüedad
debe entenderse como expresión del éxito económico del propietario,
el cual queda reflejado en la riqueza de la decoración de los edificios, esculturas y
mosaicos
Thanks to many years of German-Portuguese research on the Roman villa of Mil - reu (Estói), it is now possible to detail the agricultural production of the territory of the port of Ossonoba (Faro), the metropolis of the Lusitanian south. Following exactly the standards postulated by Cato, an agricultural industry focused on exporting oil and wine developed there at the beginning of the Imperial Period. The pars rustica has two eco - nomic sub-divisions: an oil mill with five presses and a winery with three further presses. The oil mill deserves special attention since it is the largest and best investigated of these facilities in the province of Lusitania. The production volume that can be cal - culated points to a direct connection between the south Lusitanian coast and the eco - nomic structures and channels of distribution of the adjacent province of Baetica. The Milreu winery had reached, at least by late antiquity, a capacity that is comparable with that of the well-known Lusitanian villae viticoles at São Cucufate (Vidigueira) and Torre de Palma (Montforte). Furthermore, the investigation of the construction history and stratigraphy make it possible to consider the development of the pars urbana in a chronologically differ - entiated way. The development from the simple peristyle house of the middle Imperial Period to the luxurious villa suburbana of late Antiquity may be seen as an expression of the owner’s economic success. This success is also reflected in the rich building or - namentation, mosaics and sculptures.
Thanks to many years of German-Portuguese research on the Roman villa of Mil - reu (Estói), it is now possible to detail the agricultural production of the territory of the port of Ossonoba (Faro), the metropolis of the Lusitanian south. Following exactly the standards postulated by Cato, an agricultural industry focused on exporting oil and wine developed there at the beginning of the Imperial Period. The pars rustica has two eco - nomic sub-divisions: an oil mill with five presses and a winery with three further presses. The oil mill deserves special attention since it is the largest and best investigated of these facilities in the province of Lusitania. The production volume that can be cal - culated points to a direct connection between the south Lusitanian coast and the eco - nomic structures and channels of distribution of the adjacent province of Baetica. The Milreu winery had reached, at least by late antiquity, a capacity that is comparable with that of the well-known Lusitanian villae viticoles at São Cucufate (Vidigueira) and Torre de Palma (Montforte). Furthermore, the investigation of the construction history and stratigraphy make it possible to consider the development of the pars urbana in a chronologically differ - entiated way. The development from the simple peristyle house of the middle Imperial Period to the luxurious villa suburbana of late Antiquity may be seen as an expression of the owner’s economic success. This success is also reflected in the rich building or - namentation, mosaics and sculptures.
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