Publication: Adaptive remodelling of intestinal epithelium assessed using stereology: correlation of single cell and whole organ data with nutrient transport
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Date
1996
Authors
Mayhew, T.M.
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Adaptation in the intestinal epithelium
depends on cell number and the properties of individual
cells but these responses operate within different time
frames. Changes in number take days to accomplish but
those in behaviour may occur within hours. This article
reviews the value of stereology for characterising
structural features of the average enterocyte and the
entire organ (mammalian small intestine or avian lower
intestine) during adaptation. Stereological data are
correlated with the physiology and molecular biology of
glucose and Na+ transpon. In small intestine, account is
taken of vertical (crypt-villus) and longitudinal
(craniocaudal) gradients and of adaptations to
chemically-induced diabetes and diet. Results show that
longer-term adaptation depends critically on epithelial
renewal. In diabetic small intestine, changes in glucose
transport are accompanied by changes in the number, but
not morphology, of villous enterocytes. In avian lower
intestine, increased Na+ transport requires changes in
cell number and the extent of their apical, but not
basolateral, membrane surfaces. These changes allow
opportunities to incorporate more (or more active)
transport sites in apical and basolateral membrane
domains of individual cells and of whole organs.
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