Publication: T cell subsets in immunologically-mediated glomerulonephritis
Authors
van Alderwegen, I.E. ; Bruijn, J.A. ; Heer, E.de
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Until recently, research on the pathogenesis
of glomerulonephritis has been mainly focused on the
characterization of humoral immune responses in the
initiation of glomerular injury. However, there is a
growing recognition that both cellular and humoral
immune responses, in varying proportions, are involved
in the pathogenesis of immunologically-mediated
glomerulonephritis.
T lymphocytes are essential cellular elements
of cell-mediated immunity. Both in experimental models
of immune-mediated renal disease and in histopathological
analyses of human nephropathies, the
involvement of T cells has been demonstrated in the
immunoregulation of nephritogenic immune responses
and in the immune injury in the kidney. T cell activation
resulting in either delayed-type hypersensitivity,
cytolytic reactions, abnormal expression of major histocompatibility
complex (MHC) molecules, or B cell
activation can result in glomerulonephritis. These
different types of responses are exerted by distinct T cell
subsets defined by cell surface markers and cytokine
profiles. CD4+ T cells in vivo are functionally heterogeneous
with respect to cytokine production and the
CD45 isoforms that are found on their surface. Like
CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells may also be heterogeneous
at the leve1 of cytokine production. The roles of CD4+
and CD8+ cells and their cytokine profiles in glomerulonephritis
have not been extensively investigated yet, but
such studies might improve the understanding of the pathogenesis and possibly lead to new therapeutic
approaches of human glomerulonephritis. In this
review the role of distinct T lymphocyte subsets in
experimental and human glomerulonephritis will be
discussed.
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