Publication: Chromosome 16q loss– a genetic key to the understanding of breast carcinogenesis
Authors
Bürger, Horst ; Boer, Mirthe de ; Van Diest, Paul J. ; Korsching, Eberhard
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Publisher
F. Hernández y Juan F. Madrid. Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
In the last decade the concepts of breast
cancer dedifferentiation and progression have undergone
a significant and substantial change. In the past it was
widely believed that the detailed associations between
genetic and morphological changes defined in the
Vogelstein model of colorectal cancer pathogenesis
could be transferred to breast carcinogenesis. A
multitude of studies seemed to verify this a priori
hypothesis. However, with the introduction of global
screening techniques, predominantly at the DNA level, it
became obvious that this linear model might be
oversimplified for breast cancer.
It is now widely accepted that losses of
chromosomal 16q characterize in-situ and invasive
breast cancer tumours with predominantly low tumour
grade and estrogen receptor (ER) positivity (luminal
breast cancers). In contrast, high grade breast cancers of
the HER2, the basal or the non expressor phenotype with
16q-losses are rarely seen and in consequence a concept
of multiple, parallel pathways with defined precursor
lesions emerged.
As a consequence, it became obvious that the hunt
for oncogenes/tumour suppressor genes in invasive
breast cancer is pathway specific. Whereas high grade
breast cancers have been relatively well characterized by
several recurrent changes in oncogenes/tumour
suppressor genes located on various chromosomal
regions (e.g. egfr, p53, HER2), the characterization of a
16q-specific tumour suppressor gene in ER-positive
breast cancer is still a tremendous challenge.
This review will focus on the role of 16q in breast
cancer and aims to give insights into actual research
efforts, e.g. alternative explanations in order to unravel
the central role of 16q in breast cancer.
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Citation
Histology and histopathology, Vol. 28, n.º 3 (2013)
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