Publication: Cardiac ischemia and reperfusion in spontaneously diabetic rats with and without application of EGb 761: II. Interstitium and microvasculature
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Date
2009
Authors
Schneider, Rick ; Welt, Klaus ; Aust, Wolfram ; Löster, Heinz ; Fitzl, Günther
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Publisher
Murcia : F. Hernández
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DOI
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Description
Abstract
Besides alterations in cardiomyocytes
themselves, diabetic cardiopathy is characterized by
interstitial and microvascular disorders. On the
assumption that a specific heart muscle disease develops
due to permanently increased oxidative stress on
liberation of oxygen-free radicals, adjuvant application
of antioxidative therapeutics appears promising in
preventing or delaying long-term diabetic complications
and protecting the myocardium against acute ischemia.
We have investigated the effects of Ginkgo biloba
extract (EGb 761), a radical scavenger, against diabetesinduced
myocardial interstitium and microvasculature
damage, and against additional ischemia/reperfusion
injury in spontaneously diabetic BioBreeding/Ottawa
Karlsburg (BB/OK) rats modelling diabetic cardiac
infarction. Morphological and morphometric parameters
in the heart muscle were evaluated by light and electron
microscope. We used immunohistochemistry to
investigate collagen protein expression as a marker for
tissue remodelling together with endothelial nitric oxide
synthase (eNOS) protein expression as a marker for
endothelial-dependent vasodilation. We also evaluated
inflammation response caused by neuropeptide
Substance P and interacting mast cells in the diabetic
heart. Our results revealed that A) Diabetic myocardium
appears more vulnerable to ischemia/reperfusion injury
than normal myocardium with regard to myocardial
interstitium and microvessel ultrastructure, as well as
eNOS protein expression; B) Inflammation response
increases in diabetic animals exposed to
ischemia/reperfusion injury compared to controls; C)
Pre-treatment of diabetic myocardium with EGb results in an improvement of impaired endothelial-dependent
vasodilation in diabetes and additional ischemia/
reperfusion, diminished mast cell and substance P
accumulation, and better preserved myocardial
ultrastructure compared to unprotected myocardium. In
conclusion, EGb may act as a potent therapeutic
adjuvant in diabetics with respect to ischemic
myocardial injury, and may contribute to preventing late
complications in diabetic cardiopathy.
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